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mu;u`Pf;Fy; kf;J}k; - mugpau;fs;

Mrphpau;: m\;i\f; ]/gpa;Au; u`;khd;> c.gp.> ,e;jpah

jkpopy; ntspaPL : jhUy; `{jh

 

 

 

mugpau;fs; tho;e;j ,lq;fSk; mugpa rKjhaq;fSk;

‘egp (]y;) mtu;fspd; tho;f;if tuyhW' vd;gJ kdpj rKjhaj;jpw;fhf mtu;fs; nfhz;L te;j ,iwj;J}ijf; Fwpf;Fk; nrhy;yhFk;. jhd; nfhz;L te;j ,iwj;J}ij jq;fspd; nrhy;> nray;> topfhl;ly;> xOf;f khz;Gfs; Mfpatw;wpd; %yk; kdpj Fyj;jpw;F vLj;Jiuj;jhu;fs;. me;j ,iwj;J}Jj;Jtj;jhy; kdpj tho;tpd; msTNfhy;fis Kw;wpYkhf khw;wpdhu;fs;; jPikfisf; fise;J ed;ikfis Nghjpj;jhu;fs;; ,Uistpl;L kf;fis mfw;wp xspia Nehf;fp mioj;J te;jhu;fs;. gilg;gpdq;fis tzq;FtjpypUe;J kdpjid KOikahf tpLtpj;J> gilg;ghsdhfpa xNu ,iwtid tzq;Fk;gb nra;jhu;fs;. RUq;ff;$wpd;> ,t;Tyfpy; newp jtwp tho;e;j kdpjdpd; tho;f;ifg; ghijia khw;wp nrk;ikahd mofpa ghijapy; mtid thor;nra;jhu;fs;.

ekJ ,f;fUj;ij tpsq;fpf; nfhs;s Ntz;Lkhapd; K`k;kJ (]y;) mtu;fs; J}juhf mDg;gg;gLtjw;F Kd; ,Ue;j epiyikfisAk;> mtu;fs; J}juhf mDg;gg;gl;l gpd; Vw;gl;l khw;wq;fisAk; Kd; epWj;jp ghu;g;gJ mtrpak;.

,jdhy; egp (]y;) mtu;fs; ,];yhkpd; gf;fk; kf;fis miog;gjw;F Kd;gpUe;j mugpa rKjhaq;fs;> mtu;fsJ fyhr;rhuq;fs;; NkYk;> mf;fhyj;jpy; ,Ue;j rpw;wuru;fs;> Nguuru;fs;> rKjha mikg;Gfs;> mtu;fsJ kj ek;gpf;iffs;> r%f gof;f tof;fq;fs;> rlq;Ffs; kw;Wk; mtu;fsJ murpay;> nghUspay; Mfpatw;iw Fwpj;J rpy gphpTfspy; RUf;fkhf Ma;T nra;tJk; mtrpak;.

,tw;Ws; xt;nthd;iwAk; gw;wp $Wtjw;F ehk; jdpj;jdp gphpTfis Vw;gLj;jpapUf;fpd;Nwhk;. ,g;NghJ me;j gphpTfisg; ghu;g;Nghk;.

mugpau;fs; tho;e;j ,lq;fs;

‘mug;' vd;w nrhy;Yf;F ghiytdk;> nghl;ly; g+kp> (kuk;> nrb nfhbfs;> jz;zPu; ,y;yhj) twl;rpahd epyg;gug;G vdg; gy mu;j;jq;fs; cs;sd. ePz;l fhykhf mugpa jPgfw;gj;Jf;Fk; (,d;iwa ]₯jp) mq;F trpg;gtu;fSf;Fk; ,g;ngau; $wg;gLfpwJ.

mugpa jPgfw;gj;jpd; Nkw;Nf nrq;flYk; ]dh/ ehLk;> fpof;Nf mugpa tisFlhTk; ,uhf;fpd; rpy gFjpfSk;> njw;Nf mugpf; flYk; (,J ,e;jpag; ngUq;fly; tiu njhlu;fpwJ). tlf;Nf \hk; (rphpah) kw;Wk; ,uhf;fpd; rpy efuq;fSk; ,Uf;fpd;wd. ,jd; gug;gsT 10>00>000 rJu fpNyh kPl;lhpypUe;J 13>00>000 rJu fpNyh kPl;lu; tiuapyhFk;.

mugpa jPgfw;gj;Jf;F Gtpapay; uPjpahfTk; mjd; ,aw;if mikg;ghYk; kpFe;j Kf;fpaj;Jtk; cz;L. mjd; cl;Gw vy;iyfs; ehyh jpirfspYk; kzw;ghq;fhd ghiytdj;jhy; #og;gl;Ls;sd.

mugpau; my;yhj ntspehl;ltu;fs; jq;fsJ Mjpf;fj;ij me;ehl;by; nrYj;Jtjw;F ,g;Gtpapay; mikg;G ngUk; jilahf ,Ue;jJ. mjd; fhuzkhf me;ehl;L kf;fs; vy;yhf; fhyq;fspYk; jq;fs; nray;ghLfs; midj;jpYk; Rje;jpukhdtu;fshfNt jpfo;e;jhu;fs;. mtu;fSf;F mUfhikapy; khngUk; ,U ty;yuRfs; (Nuhk;-ghurPfk;) ,Ue;Jk; mit ,g;gFjpapy; jq;fspd; Mjpf;fj;ij nrYj;j Kbahky; Nghdjw;F ,e;j ,aw;ifahd Gtpapay; mikg;Ng fhuzk;!

mugpa jPgfw;gj;jpd; vy;iyfs; ngau; ngw;w gy fz;lq;fSf;F eLtpy; mike;jpUf;fpd;wd. mit flw;gug;Gfs;> rkntspfs; %yk; me;j fz;lq;fSld; ,ize;jpUf;fpd;wd. mjd; tlNkw;Fg; gFjp Mg;gphpf;fh fz;lj;JlDk;> tlfpof;Fg; gFjp INuhg;gh fz;lj;JlDk;> fpof;Fg; gFjp kj;jpa Mrphpah> njw;F Mrpah kw;Wk; J}u fpof;F ehLfSlDk; ,ize;Js;sJ. mt;thNw> xt;nthU fz;lKk; fly; khu;f;fkhf mugpa jPgfw;gj;Jld; ,izfpwJ. mf;fz;lq;fspypUe;J tUk; fg;gy;fs; mugpa jPgfw;gj;jpd; JiwKfq;fspy; jq;fpr; nry;fpd;wd.

,g;Gtpapay; mikg;gpd; fhuzkhf> njw;F-tlf;F gFjpfs; kf;fs; te;J xJq;Fk; ,lkhfTk;> tpahghuk;> gz;ghL> rkak; kw;Wk; fiyfspd; ghpkhw;w ikakhfTk; jpfo;e;jd.

mugpa rKjhaq;fs;

tuyhw;whrphpau;fs; mugpa rKjhaj;ij tkprhtsp mbg;gilapy; %d;whf gphpf;fpd;wdu;.

1) my; muGy; ghapjh

,tu;fs; gz;ilf; fhy mugpau;fshd MJ> ]%J> j];K> [jP];> ,k;yhf;> cikk;> [{u;`{k;> `*u;> tghu;> mgPy;> [h]pk;> `o;u kt;j; Mfpa tkprj;jpdu; Mtu;. Kjy; tifiar; Nru;e;j ,tu;fs; fhyg;Nghf;fpy; mope;Jtpl;ljhy; ,tu;fSila tuyhw;W Fwpg;Gfs; VJk; njhpatpy;iy.

2) my; muGy; Mgh

,tu;fs; v\;[{g; ,g;D a/Ug; ,g;D f`;jhdpd; re;jjpapdu; Mtu;. f`;jhd; tkpr mugpau; vd;Wk; ,tu;fis miof;fg;gLk;.

3) my; muGy; K];j/gh

,tu;fs; egp ,];khaPy; (miy) mtu;fspd; re;jjpapduhtu;. ,tu;fis mj;dhd; tkpr mugpfs; vd;Wk; miof;fg;gLk;.

Nkw;$wg;gl;l my; muGy; Mgh vd;gtu;fs; f`;jhd; tkprj;jpy; te;j akd; thrpfs;. ,tu;fsJ Nfhj;jpuq;fs; ]gh ,g;D a\;[{g; ,g;D a/Ug; ,g;D f`;jhd; vd;gtd; top te;jitahFk;. ,e;j Nfhj;jpuq;fspy; 1) `pk;au; ,g;D ]gh> 2) f`;yhd; ,g;D ]gh vd;w ,uz;L Nfhj;jpuj;jpdu; kl;Lk; gpugykhdtu;fs;. `pk;au;> f`;yhd; ,Utiuj; jtpu ]ghTf;F gjpndhd;W my;yJ gjpdhd;F gps;isfs; ,Ue;jdu;. mtu;fSf;Fk; mtu;fsJ top te;jtu;fSf;Fk; ‘]gh tkprj;jpdu;' vd;Nw $wg;gl;lJ. mtu;fSf;nfd jdpg; ngau; nfhz;l Nfhj;jpuq;fs; VJk; cUthftpy;iy.

m) `pk;au; Nfhj;jpuKk; mjd; cl;gphpTfSk;

1) FohM: g`;uh/> gypa;k;> my;ifd;> fy;g;> cj;uh> tguh Mfpa FLk;gj;jpdu; FohMtpypUe;J cUthdtu;fs;.

2) ]fh]pf;: ,tu;fs; i[J ,g;D thk;yh ,g;D `pk;au; vd;gtd; re;jjpapdu; Mtu;. ,jpy; `pk;ahpd; Nguuhd i[J vd;gtu; ‘]fh]pf;' vd;w Gidg; ngauhy; miof;fg;gl;lhu;. (gpd;dhy; $wg;glTs;s f`;yhd; tk;rj;jpy; Njhd;wpa fpd;jh vd;w gphptpy; $wg;gLk; ]fh]pf; vd;gtu; NtW. ,q;F $wg;gl;Ls;s i[J ]fh]pf; vd;gtu; NtW.)

3) i[J my; [k;`_u;: ,jpy; `pk;au; m];qu; (rpd;d `pk;au;)> ]gh m];qu; (rpd;d ]gh)> `Ou;> J} m];gh Mfpa FLk;gq;fs; cUthfpd.

Nuhku;fs; mf;fhyj;jpy; kp];u;> \hk; Mfpa ,U ehLfisAk; ifg;gw;wp f`;yhd; tkprj;jpdhpd; fly; kw;Wk; jiutop tpahghuq;fisj; jLj;jdu;. ,jdhy; f`;yhd; tkprj;jpdhpd; tzpfq;fs; ngUksT erpe;jd. ,jdhYk; mtu;fs; akdpypUe;J Fbngau;e;J NghapUf;fyhk;. mj;NjhL ]gh gFjpapy; ‘my;muPk;' vd;w nts;sg; ngUf;F Vw;gl;lJ. mjdhYk; rpy fhyj;jpw;Fg;gpwF mtu;fs; akdpypUe;J Fbngau;e;J NghapUf;fyhk; vd;W $wg;gLfpwJ. ,t;thW f`;yhd; tkprj;jpdu; akd; ehl;il tpl;L ntspNawpajw;F rpyu; rpy fhuzq;fis $wpdhYk;> nts;sg;ngUf;F Vw;gLtjw;F Kd;gpUe;Nj ,tu;fspd; tzpfq;fs; erpe;J NghapUe;jd. njhlu;e;J ]gh ehl;by; nts;sg;ngUf;F Vw;gl;L tptrhaq;fSk;> fhy;eilfSk; KOikahf mope;Jtpl;ljhy; ]gh gFjpapy; ,tu;fshy; tho;f;ifiaj; njhlu Kbatpy;iy. ,jdhYk; mtu;fs; mq;fpUe;J ntspNawp ,Uf;fyhk; vd rpyu; Fwpg;gpLfpd;wdu;.

Nkd;ikkpF Fu;Mdpy; ‘]gh' vDk; mj;jpahaj;jpy; ,lk;ngw;wpUf;Fk; 15-19 Mfpa trdq;fs; ,tu;fspd; $w;iw cWjp nra;fpwJ.

Nkw;$wg;gl;l ,U fhuzq;fis jtpu kw;nwhU fhuzKk; ,Ue;jjhf njhpa tUfpwJ. mjhtJ f`;yhd;> `pk;au; ,U tkprj;jpdu; ,ilapy; rz;il rr;ruTfs; Njhd;wpd. ,jdhy; f`;yhd; tkprj;jpdu; jq;fsJ ehl;ilj; Jwe;J mikjpahd ,lj;ij Nehf;fp nrd;W tpl;ldu;. tzpfq;fs; erpe;J tpl;lJ kl;Lk; fhuzkhf ,Ue;jpUe;jhy; `pk;au; tkprj;jpdUk; ]ghtpy; ,Ue;J ntspNawp ,Ug;ghu;fs;. Mdhy;> mtu;fs; ntspNawtpy;iy. ,jpypUe;J ,t;tpU tk;rj;jpdUf;Fk; ,ilNa ,Ue;j gifikAk; xU fhuzk; vdj; njhpa tUfpwJ.

ehL Jwe;j f`;yhd; tkprj;jpdu; ehd;F tifg;gLtu;:

1) m[;J fpisapdu;

,tu;fs; jq;fspd; jiytu; ‘,k;uhd; ,g;D mk;u; Ki[f;fpah/' vd;gtd; MNyhridf;fpzq;f ehL Jwe;jdu;. ,tu;fs; akd; ehl;bd; gy gFjpfSf;F nrd;W Rw;wpg; ghu;j;J> jq;fSf;F tpUg;gkhd gFjpfspy; jq;fpdu;. ,t;tkprj;jpy; ahu; vq;F jq;fpdu; vd;w tpguq;fs; gpd;tUkhW:

,k;uhd; ,g;D mk;u; vd;gtu; jdJ FLk;gj;Jld; ‘ckhd;' (Xkd;) ehl;by; nrd;W jq;fpdhu;. ,tu;fis ckhd; ehl;L m[;J tkprj;jpdu; vd;W nrhy;yg;gLfpd;wJ.

e];u; ,g;D m[;J FLk;gj;jpdu; ‘J`hkh' vd;w ,lj;jpw;Fr; nrd;W jq;fpdu;. ,tu;fis \D}M m[;J tkprj;jpdu; vdf; $wg;gLk;.

]/ygh ,g;D mk;u; Ki[fpah/ vd;gtu; `p [h]; gFjpf;Fr; nrd;W ‘]/ygpah' kw;Wk; ‘J} fhu;' vd;w ,lq;fSf;fpilapy; jdJ FLk;gj;Jld; jq;fpdhu;. mtuJ gps;isfs; Ngud;fs; nghpatu;fshfp ed;F typik ngw;wTld; mq;fpUe;J Gwg;gl;L kjPdh efu; te;J jq;fpdhu;. ,e;j ]/yghTila kfd; `h]htpd; gps;isfs;jhd; mt;];> f];u[; vd;w ,UtUk;. ,t;tpUty; ,Ue;Nj mt;];> f];u[; vd;w ,U tkprq;fs; Njhd;wpd.

m[;J tkprj;ij Nru;e;j `h]h ,g;D mk;u; FLk;gj;jpdu; `p [h]; gFjpapy; ‘ku;Uy; s`;uhd;' vd;Dk; ,lj;jpy; jq;fpdu;. rpwpJ fhyj;jpw;Fg; gpd; kf;fh kPJ gilnaLj;J mq;F trpj;j [{u;`{k; tkprj;jtu;fis ntspNaw;wp tpl;L kf;fhit jq;fsJ Cuhf Mf;fpf; nfhz;ldu;. ,e;j `h]htpd; tkprj;jpw;F ‘F[hM' vd;w ngaUk; cz;L.

[/g;dh ,g;D mk;u; vd;gtu; jdJ FLk;gj;Jld; rphpah nrd;W jq;fpdhu;. ,tuJ re;jjpapdu;jhd; tUq;fhyj;jpy; rphpahit Ml;rp nra;j f];]hdpa kd;du;fs; Mtu;. rphpah tUtjw;F Kd; [/g;dh ,g;D mk;u; `p [h]; gFjpapy; cs;s ‘f];]hd;' vd;w fpzw;Wf;fUfpy; FbNawp rpy fhyk; jq;fpapUe;jdu;. ,jd; fhuzkhfNt gpw;fhyj;jpy; ,tu;fSf;F ‘f];]hdpau;' vd;w ngaUk; te;jJ.

fmg; ,g;D mk;u;> `h]; ,g;D mk;u;> mt;/g; ,g;D mk;u; Nghd;w rpwpa rpwpa FLk;gj;jtu;fSk; Nkw;$wg;gl;l nghpaNfhj;jpuq;fSld; ,ize;J `p [h]; kw;Wk; rphpahtpy; Fbngau;e;jdu;.

2) yf;k; kw;Wk; [{jhk;

,tu;fs; fpof;F kw;Wk; tlf;F ehLfspy; Fbngau;e;jdu;. yf;k; tkprj;jpy; te;j e];u; ,g;D ugPM vd;gtd; re;jjpapdu;jhd; ‘`Puh' ehl;il Mz;l muru;fs;. me;j muru;fis ‘Kdhjpuh' vd;W miof;fg;gl;lJ.

3) gD} ija;

m[;J tkprj;jpdu; akdpypUe;J Fbngau;e;jTld; ,e;j Nfhj;jpuj;jpdUk; mugpa jPgfw;gj;jpd; tlf;F gFjpf;Fr; nrd;W m[/> ry;kh vd;w ,U kiyfSf;fpilapy; FbNawpdu;. gpw;fhyj;jpy; me;j kiyfSf;F ‘ija; kiyfs;' vd;w ngau; te;jJ.

4) fpd;jh

,e;j Nfhj;jpuj;jpdu; g`;iudpy; FbNawpdu;. mq;F mtu;fSf;Fg; gy rpukq;fs; Vw;glNt kPz;Lk; akd; ehl;by; ‘`o;u kt;j;' vDk; efhpy; FbNawpdu;. mq;Fk; mtu;fSf;F rpukq;fs; Vw;glNt> mugpa jPgfw;gj;jpd; e[;J gFjpapy; FbNawp xU ngUk; murhq;fj;ij epWtpdu;. Mdhy;> rpy fhyq;fSf;Fs;shfNt mtu;fsJ murhq;fk; mope;J RtLfs; njhpahky; Nghapw;W.

`pk;au; tkprj;ijr; Nru;e;j ‘FohM' vd;w Nfhj;jpuj;jhu; akdpypUe;J ntspNawp ‘k\h/Gy; ,uhf;' vd;w gFjpapy; ‘ghjpaj;J]; ]khth' vd;Dk; Chpy; FbNawpdu;. FohM tkprj;ijr; Nru;e;j rpy gphptpdu; ‘k\h/G\; \hk;' vd;w gFjpapYk; `p [h]; khepyj;jpd; tlf;Fg; gFjpapYk; FbNawpdu;.

,jw;F Kd; $wg;gl;l my; muGy; K];j/ghtpd; Kjd; Kjyhd ghl;ldhu; egp ,g;wh`Pk; (miy) Mthu;fs;. egp ,g;wh`Pk; (miy) mtu;fs; ,uhf; ehl;by; /Guhj; ejpapd; Nkw;F fiuapy; $/ghtpw;F mUfhikapy; cs;s ‘cu;' vd;w Ciur; Nru;e;jtu;fs;. egp ,g;wh`Pk; (miy) mtu;fspd; FLk;gk;> cu; kw;Wk; mij Rw;wpAs;s Cu;fspd; rka r%f gz;ghLfs; Fwpj;J gy tphpthd jfty;fs; mfo;thuha;r;rpfs; kw;Wk; njhy; nghUs; Muha;r;rpfs; %yk; fpilj;Js;sd.

,g;wh`Pk; (miy) mtu;fs; jdJ ChpypUe;J ntspNawp `huhd; my;yJ `u;uhd; vDk; Chpy; FbNawpdhu;fs;. rpy fhyj;jpw;Fg; gpd; mq;fpUe;Jk; Gwg;gl;L /gy];jPdk; ehl;by; FbNawpdhu;fs;. /gy];jPid jdJ miog;Gg; gzpf;F ikakhf Mf;fpf;nfhz;L mq;Fk; mijr; Rw;wpAs;s gy gFjpfspYk; tho;e;j kf;fis xNu ,iwtdpd; gf;fk; mioj;jhu;fs;. xU Kiw kidtp rhuhTld; miog;Gg; gzpf;fhf mUfpYs;s Xu; CUf;Fr; nrd;whu;fs;. md;id rhuh kpf mofpa Njhw;wKilatuhf ,Ue;jij mwpe;j mt;₯hpd; mepahaf;fhu murd;> mtu;fis mioj;J tur;nra;J mtu;fSld; jtwhd Kiwapy; elf;f Kad;whd;. md;id rhuh mtdplkpUe;J jd;id ghJfhf;FkhW my;yh`;tplk; Ntz;bdhu;. mtd; rhuhit neUq;f Kbahjgb my;yh`; mtid Mf;fptpl;lhd;. my;yh`;tplk; rhuh kpf kjpg;gpw;Fhpatu;; NkYk;> ey;nyhOf;fr; rPyu; vd;gij ,jd; %yk; mwpe;j me;j mepahaf;fhud;> rhuhtpd; rpwg;ig nkr;rp my;yJ my;yh`;tpd; jz;lidapypUe;J jg;gpj;Jf; nfhs;s rhuhTf;F gzp nra;a Xu; mofpa mbikg; ngz;iz toq;fpdhd;. rhuh mtu;fs; mg;ngz;iz jdJ fztu; ,g;wh`PKf;F toq;fp tpl;lhu;fs;. mg;ngz;kzpjhd; md;id `h[u; Mthu;. (]`P`{y; Gfhhp)

,e;epfo;r;rpf;Fg; gpd; ,g;wh`Pk; (miy) jq;fspd; trpg;gplkhd /gy];jPdj;jpw;Fj; jpUk;gpdhu;fs;. mq;F `h[hpd; %ykhf ‘,];khaPy;' vd;w Nkd;ikf;Fhpa xU kfid> my;yh`; ,g;wh`Pk; (miy) mtu;fSf;F toq;fpdhd;. gpwF my;yh`;tpd; fl;lisf;F ,zq;f ,g;wh`Pk; (miy) jq;fsJ kfd; ,];khaPy; (miy) kw;Wk; `h[iu mioj;Jf; nfhz;L kf;fh te;jhu;fs;.

mf;fhyj;jpy; mq;F ,iw ,y;ykhd ‘fmgh' fl;llkhf ,Uf;ftpy;iy. fmgh ,Ue;j ,lk; rw;W caukhd Fd;iwg;Nghy; ,Ue;jJ. nts;sk; tUk;NghJ fmgh ,Ue;j me;j Nkl;Lg; gFjpapd; tyJ ,lJ ,U Xuq;fisj; jz;zPu; mhpj;J te;jJ. fmgj;Jy;yh`;tpd; mUfpypUe;j Xu; mlu;j;jpahd ku epoypy; mt;tpUtiuAk; mku itj;J> rpwpJ NguPj;jq;fdpfs; ,Ue;j xU igiaAk;> jz;zPu; cs;s xU JUj;jpiaAk; mt;tpUtUf;fhf toq;fptpl;L> ,g;wh`Pk; (miy) /gy];jPdk; jpUk;gpdhu;fs;. rpy ehl;fspy; mt;tpUthpd; czthd NguPj;jq;fdpfSk; jz;zPUk; jPu;e;Jtpl;ld. my;yh`; jdJ mUspdhy; grpiaAk; jhfj;ijAk; Nghf;Fk; mw;Gjkhd ‘[k;[k;' Cw;iw mt;tpUtUf;fhf Njhd;wr; nra;jhd;. (]`P`{y; Gfhhp)

,f;fhyj;jpy; ,uz;lhtJ [{u;`{k; vd;w akd; Nfhj;jpuj;jpdu; kf;fh topNa tUk;NghJ (jz;zPu; ,Ug;gijg; ghu;j;J) mq;F trpf;f tpUk;gp md;id `h[hplk; mDkjp ngw;W jq;fpdu;. rpy tuyhw;W Mrphpau;fs; ‘‘,e;j ,uz;lhtJ [{u;`{k; tkprj;jpdu; Kd;gpUe;Nj kf;fhitr; Rw;wpAs;s gs;sj;jhf;Ffspy; trpj;J te;jdu; vd;Wk; kf;fhtpy; md;id `h[u; FbNawp> [k;[k; fpzW Njhd;wpaTld; jhq;fs; trpj;J te;j gs;sj;jhf;Ffis tpl;L ntspNawp kf;fhtpy; FbNawpdu;'' vd;Wk; $Wfpwhu;fs;. (]`P`{y; Gfhhp)

,khk; Gfhhp (u`;) jq;fsJ E}ypy; ,r;rk;gtk; gw;wp Fwpg;gpl;bUg;gij Muha;e;jhy; ehk; Kjypy; $wpa $w;Nw kpfr; rhpahdJ vd;gij mwpe;J nfhs;syhk;. ,khk; Gfhhp (u`;) $wpapUg;gjhtJ:

,g;wh`Pk; (miy) jkJ kidtpiaAk; gps;isiaAk; kf;fhtpy; jq;f itg;gjw;F Kd;Ng kf;fh topahf ,uz;lhtJ [{u;`{k; Nfhj;jpuj;jhu; Nghf tu ,Ue;jhu;fs;. md;id `h[u; kf;fhtpy; te;J jq;fp jz;zPu; trjpAk; Vw;gl;lgpd;> mjhtJ ,];khaPy; (miy) thypgkiltjw;F Kd;G ,tu;fs; FbNawpAs;shu;fs;. ,t;thNw ]`P`{y; Gfhhpapy; te;Js;sJ. ,jpypUe;J ,tu;fs; kf;fhtpd; vg;gFjpapYk; ,jw;F Kd; FbapUf;ftpy;iy vd;gJ njspthfj; njhpa tUfpwJ. mNj Neuk;> jhd; tpl;L te;j kidtp kw;Wk; kfid re;jpf;f egp ,g;wh`Pk; (miy) mtu;fs; nrd;W te;jhu;fs;. nkhj;jk; vj;jid Kiw re;jpf;fr; nrd;whu;fs; vd;gJ cWjpahf njhpatpy;iy. vdpDk; ehd;F Kiw nrd;wjw;fhd cWjpkpf;fr; rhd;Wfs; cs;sd.

me;j ehd;F Kiwfs; tUkhW:

1) ,ijg; gw;wp my;yh`; jd; jpUkiwapy; $wpapUf;fpd;whd;. egp ,g;wh`Pk; (miy)> mtu;fs; jkJ kfdhu; ,];khaPy; (miy) mtu;fis mWj;J my;yh`;Tf;F jpahfk; nra;tJNghy; fdT xd;W fz;lhu;fs;. mf;fdit my;yh`;tpd; fl;lis vd;W czu;e;J mij epiwNtw;w kf;fh te;jhu;fs;. ,J Fwpj;J gpd;tUk; Fu;Md; trdj;jpy; my;yh`; ,t;thW Fwpg;gpLfpwhd;.

MfNt> mt;tpUtUk; (,iwtdpd; tpUg;gj;jpw;F) Kw;wpYk; topg;gl;L> (,g;wh`Pk; jd; kfd; ,];khaPiy mWj;Jg; gypapl) Kfq;Fg;Gwf; fplj;jpaNghJ ehk; ‘‘,g;wh`PNk!'' vd ehk; mioj;J ‘‘cz;ikahfNt ePq;fs; cq;fSila fdit nka;ahf;fp itj;Jtpl;Bu;fs; vd;Wk;> ed;ik nra;gtUf;F ehk; ,t;thNw $yp nfhLg;Nghk;'' vd;Wk; $wp> ‘‘epr;rakhf ,J kfj;jhdnjhU ngUk; NrhjidahFk;'' (vd;Wk; $wpNdhk;). MfNt> kfj;jhdnjhU gypia mtUf;F gfukhf;fpNdhk;. (my;Fu;Md; 37 : 103-107)

,];`hf;iftpl ,];khaPy; (miy) gjp%d;W Mz;Lfs; %j;jtu; vd;W jt;whj;" Ntjj;jpy; ‘jf;tPd;' vd;w mj;jpahaj;jpy; Fwpg;gplg;gl;Ls;sJ. NkYk;> ,r;rk;gtj;ijg; gw;wp tpthpf;Fk; Fu;Md; trdq;fspypUe;J ,e;epfo;r;rp ,];`hf; (miy) gpwg;gjw;F Kd; ele;jpUf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;Nw njhpfpwJ. Vnddpy;> Nkd;ikkpF Fu;Mdpy; egp ,g;wh`Pk; (miy) mtu;fs; ,];khaPy; (miy) mtu;fis mWj;Jg; gypapl Kad;w epfo;r;rp KOJk; $wg;gl;l gpwF mijaLj;Nj ,];`hf; (miy) gpwg;ghu; vd;w ew;nra;jp $wg;gl;Ls;sJ.

Mf> ,jpypUe;J ,];khaPy; (miy) mtu;fis mWg;gjw;fhf egp ,g;wh`Pk; (miy) mtu;fs; xUKiw kf;fh nrd;Ws;shu;fs; vd;gJk;> mg;NghJ ,];khaPy; (miy) thypgkilatpy;iy vd;gJk; njhpa tUfpwJ.

kw;w %d;W gazq;fisg; gw;wp ,g;D mg;gh]; (uop) mtu;fspd; thapyhf ,khk; Gfhhp (u`;) mtu;fs; Fwpg;gpl;Ls;sjpd; RUf;fkhtJ:

2) ,];khaPy; (miy) mtu;fs; [{u;`{k; Nfhj;jpuj;jhhplk; mugp nkhopiaf; fw;whu;fs;. mtu;fspd; xOf;fk; kw;Wk; ew;gz;Gfis [{u;`{k; Nfhj;jpuj;jhu; nghpJk; tpUk;gp jq;fs; ,dj;ijr; Nru;e;j xU ngz;iz ,];khaPYf;F kzKbj;J itj;jhu;fs;. ,j;jpUkzj;jpw;F gpwNf md;id `h[u; mtu;fs; ,we;jhu;fs;.

,g;wh`Pk; (miy) mtu;fs; kPz;Lk; kidtpiaAk; kfidAk; re;jpg;gjw;F kf;fh te;jNghJ kidtp ,we;j nra;jpiaj; njhpe;J nfhz;lhu;fs;. ,];khaPy; (miy) mg;NghJ kf;fhtpy; ,y;iy. ,];khaPy; (miy) mtu;fspd; kidtpaplk; jdJ kfidg; gw;wpAk; mt;tpUthpd; tho;f;if> Rfeyd;fs; gw;wpAk; tprhhpj;jhu;fs;. mg;ngz;Nzh jq;fsJ ,y;yw neUf;fbiaAk; tWikiaAk; gw;wp Kiwapl;lhu;. mijf; Nfl;l egp ,g;wh`Pk; (miy) mtu;fs; ‘‘,];khaPy; te;jhy;> jdJ tPl;L thry; epiyia khw;w Ntz;Lk; vd;W ehd; $wpajhf> mthplk; eP nrhy;!'' vd;W nrhy;yptpl;L nrd;whu;fs;. ,];khaPy; (miy) tPL jpUk;gpaTld; mg;ngz; ele;j epfo;r;rpia tptj;jhu;. jdJ je;ij $wpa fUj;jpd; Nehf;fj;ijg; Ghpe;J nfhz;L mg;ngz;iz ,];khaPy; (miy) kztpyf;F nra;Jtpl;lhu;. mjw;Fg; gpwF [{u;`{k; Nfhj;jpuj;jhhpd; jiytu; ‘Kohj; ,g;D mk;u;' vd;gtd; kfisj; jpUkzk; nra;jhu;.

3) ,];khaPy; (miy) mtu;fs; ,uz;lhtjhf jpUkzk; nra;J nfhz;lgpd; egp ,g;wh`Pk; (miy) mtu;fs; kf;fh te;jhu;fs;. mg;NghJk; ,];khaPy; (miy) tPl;by; ,y;iy. egp ,g;wh`Pk; (miy) jdJ kUkfsplk; kfidg; gw;wpAk; FLk;g epiyiag; gw;wpAk; tprhhpj;jhu;fs;. mjw;F ‘‘my;yh`;tpd; mUshy; ehq;fs; eyKld; ,Uf;fpNwhk;'' vd;W mtu; gjpyspj;jhu;. mijf; Nfl;l egp ,g;wh`Pk; (miy) mtu;fs; ‘‘,];khaPy; (miy) te;jhy; jdJ tPl;L thrypd; epiyia jf;f itj;Jf; nfhs;sl;Lk; vd;W ehd; $wpajhf> ,];khaPyplk; nrhy;!'' vd;W nrhy;yptpl;L /gy];jPdk; nrd;whu;fs;.

4) ehd;fhk; Kiw egp ,g;wh`Pk; (miy) kf;fh te;jNghJ jdJ kfid re;jpj;jhu;fs;. ,];khaPy; (miy) [k;[k; fpzw;wUfpy; ,Ue;j xU kuj;jpd; epoypy; mku;e;J jdJ mk;igf; $u;ikgLj;jpf; nfhz;bUe;jhu;fs;. je;ijiag; ghu;j;jJk; vOe;J khpahij nra;J jq;fsJ md;igg; ghpkhwpf; nfhz;lhu;fs;. ,g;gazj;jpy;jhd; ,UtUk; ,ize;J fmgj;Jy;yh`;itf; fl;b> my;yh`;tpd; fl;lisf;fpzq;f kf;fis `[;[{f;F mioj;jhu;fs;. (]`P`{y; Gfhhp)

,uz;lhtJ kidtpapd; %yk; egp ,];khaPy; (miy) mtu;fSf;Fg; gd;dpuz;L Mz; gps;isfis my;yh`; toq;fpdhd;. mtu;fspd; ngau;fs; gpd;tUkhW:

1) ehgpj; (eghεj;)> 2) ifjhu;> 3) mj;gh<y; 4) kpG\hk;> 4) kp\;kh/> 6) J}kh> 7) kP\h> 8) `{jj; 9) jPkh> 10) aJ}u;> 11) e/gP];> 12) ifJkhd;.

gpw;fhyj;jpy; ,e;j gd;dpuz;L gps;isfs; topahfj;jhd; gd;dpuz;L Nfhj;jpuq;fs; cUthfpd. ,tu;fs; midtUk; gy fhyq;fs; kf;fhtpy; trpj;jdu;. akd;> rphpah> kp];u; Mfpa ehLfSf;F nrd;W tpahghuk; nra;J tho;f;if elj;jpdu;. rpy fhyq;fs; fopj;J ,tu;fspy; gyu; mugpa jPgfw;gj;jpd; kw;w gFjpfspYk; mjd; ntspapYk; FbNawpdu;. ehsiltpy; ehgpj;> ifjhu; FLk;gq;fisj; jtpu kw;wtu;fisg; gw;wpa tuyhw;Wf; Fwpg;GfNs ,y;yhky; Ngha;tpl;lJ.

[h]pd; tlf;Fg; gFjpapy; ehgpj; vd;gtd; gps;isfs; ed;F tsu;r;rp ngw;W Kd;Ndwp ‘gj;uh' vd;w Ciu jiyefuhff; nfhz;L tYkpf;f Xu; murhq;fj;ij epWtpdu;. ,e;efuk; (cu;Jd;) N[hu;lhdpd; njw;Nf tuyhw;Wg; Gfo; tha;e;j goq;fhy efukhFk;. ,tu;fspd; murhl;rpf;F gzpe;Nj mq;Fs;Nshu; tho;e;jdu;. ,tu;fis mg;NghJ tho;e;j vtuhYk; ,tu;fis vjpu;f;fNth> Gwf;fzpf;fNth Kbatpy;iy. ,Wjpahf Nuhku;fs; ,tu;fspd; murhq;fj;ij mopj;jdu;. ,e;j ehgpj;jpd; tkprj;jpw;F ‘epgpj;jp tkprk;' vd;w kw;nwhU ngaUk; cz;L. rphpahtpy; Ml;rp nra;j f];]hd; tkprj;J muru;fSk; kjpdhtpy; trpj;j mt;];> f];u[; tkprj;jpdUk; ,e;j ehgpj; ,g;D ,];khaPypd; FLk;gj;ij Nru;e;jtu;fs; vd tkpr Ma;thsu;fspd; xU $l;lj;jpdu; $Wfpd;wdu;. ,e;j tkprj;ijr; Nru;e;j gyu; me;j Cu;fspy; ,d;Wk; trpf;fpd;wdu;. ,khk; Gfhhp (u`;) jq;fsJ E}ypy; egp ,];khaPy; (miy) mtu;fSld; akd; ehl;L njhlu;G (cwT) vd;W xU ghlj;ij Fwpg;gpl;Ls;shu;. mg;ghlj;jpy; jiyg;Gf;F nghUj;jkhd rpy egpnkhopfis vOjp> jdJ fUj;Jf;F typik Nru;j;Js;shu;.

`jP]; fiy (egpnkhop) ty;Ydu; ,g;D `[Uk; jdJ tphpTiuapy;> f`;jhd; tkprj;jpdu; ehgpj; ,g;D ,];khaPypd; FLk;gj;jpypUe;J te;jtu;fs; vd;w fUj;ijNa Vw;wkhdJ vd Fwpg;gpl;Ls;shu;fs;.

egp ,];khaPy; (miy) mtu;fspd; kfd; ifjhd; FLk;gj;jpdu; gy fhyq;fs; kf;fhtpy; tho;e;jdu;. mtuJ re;jjpapy; mj;dhDk; mtu; kfd; kmJk; NgUk; GfOk; ngw;wtu;fs;. ,tu;fspypUe;J mj;dhdpa mugpau;fs; Njhd;wpdu;. ,tu;fisaLj;J gpw;fhyj;jpy; ,tuJ re;jjpapy; Njhd;wpatu;fs;> mj;dhd; tiu jq;fsJ %jhijfspd; ngau;fis rhpahf kddkpl;L ghJfhj;Jf; nfhz;ldu;. egp (]y;) mtu;fspd; tkpr jiyKiwapy; ,e;j mj;dhd; vd;gtu; 21-tJ jiyKiw ghl;ldhuhthu;.

rpy mwptpg;Gfspy; te;Js;sjhtJ: egp (]y;) mtu;fs; jq;fspd; tkpr jiyKiwfis Fwpg;gpLk;NghJ mj;dhd; ngau; te;jTld; epWj;jpf; nfhz;L> ‘‘,jw;F Nky; tkpr jiyKiwia $wpatu;fs; ngha;Aiuj;J tpl;ldu;'' vd;W $Wthu;fs;.

,t;tplj;jpy; kw;nwhU fUj;Jk; Fwpg;gplj;jf;fJ. mjhtJ> rpyu; Nkw;$wg;gl;l egpnkhop gytPdkhdJ vd;gjhy; mj;dhDf;F NkYk; jiyKiw ngau;fis $wyhk; vd;fpd;wdu;. vdpDk;> mj;dhDf;F Nky; ,t;twpQu;fs; $Wk; jiyKiwapy; gy khWgl;l ngau;fis $Wfpd;wdu;. mf;fUj;Jfis xUq;fpizf;f Kbahj msT mjpy; NtWghLfSk; cs;sd.

‘‘mj;dhd; kw;Wk; egp ,g;wh`Pk; (miy) mtu;fSf;fpilapy; ehw;gJ jiyKiwfs; cs;sd'' vd;W gpugykhd tuyhw;W mwpQu; ,g;D ]mJ (u`;) $Wfpwhu;. ,f;fhy mwpQu;fspy; ngUk; Ma;thsuhf tpsq;Fk; K`k;kJ Riykhd; vd;gtUk; ,f;fUj;ijNa rhpfhz;fpwhu;. NkYk;> ,khk; jghp kw;Wk; k];₯jp jq;fspd; gy fUj;Jf;fspy; ,jidAk; xd;whf $wpAs;shu;fs;.

kmjpd; kfd; e[hu; vd;gtu; %yk; gy FLk;gq;fs; Njhd;wpd. (kmJf;F ‘e[hu;' vd;w xU kfd; kl;Lk;jhd; ,Ue;jhu; vd;W rpyu; $wpAs;sdu;.)

e[hUf;F ehd;F gps;isfs; ,Ue;jdu;. mtu;fs; %yk; nghpatkprq;fs; Njhd;wpd. 1) ,ahj;> 2) md;khu;> 3) ugPM> 4) Kou;.

,f;Nfhj;jpuq;fisg; gw;wpAs;s tptuq;fspd; tiuglj;ij mLj;j gf;fj;jpy; ghu;f;fTk;.

egp (]y;) mtu;fs; $wpdhu;fs;: epr;rakhf my;yh`; ,g;wh`PKila gps;isfspy; ,];khaPiyj; Nju;T nra;jhd;. ,];khaPYila gps;isfspy; ‘fpdhdh' FLk;gj;ijj; Nju;T nra;jhd;. fpdhdh FLk;gj;jpy; Fiw\pau;fisj; Nju;T nra;jhd;. Fiw\pau;fspy; `h\pk; FLk;gj;ijj; Nju;T nra;jhd;. (]`P`; K];ypk;)

egp (]y;) mtu;fs; $wpdhu;fs;: gilg;gpdq;fspy; (kdpjd;> [pd; vd;w ,U gphptpy;) kpfr; rpwe;j gphptpy; vd;idg; gilj;J mjpy; (K];ypk;> fh/gpu;fnsd;W) ,U gphpTfspy; rpwe;j gphptpy; vd;id Mf;fpdhd;. gpwF Nfhj;jpuq;fisj; Nju;Tnra;J mjpy; rpwe;j Nfhj;jpuj;jpy; vd;idg; gilj;jhd;. gpwF FLk;gq;fisj; Nju;Tnra;J> mjpy; kpfr; rpwe;j FLk;gj;jpy; vd;id Mf;fpdhd;. ehd; mtu;fspy; Md;khthYk; kpfr; rpwe;jtd;. FLk;gj;jhYk; kpfr; rpwe;jtd;. (]`P`; K];ypk;)

kw;Nwhu; mwptpg;gpy; te;Js;sJ: my;yh`; gilg;gpdq;fisg; gilj;J mtw;wpy; kpfr; rpwe;j gphptpdhpy; vd;id Mf;fp itj;jhd;. gpwF mg;gphpit ,uz;lhf Mf;fp mtw;wpy; kpfr; rpwe;j gphptpy; vd;id Mf;fpdhd;. gpwF mtu;fis Nfhj;jpuq;fshf Mf;fp mtw;wpy; kpfr; rpwe;j Nfhj;jpuj;jpy; vd;id Mf;fpdhd;. gpwF mtu;fisg; gy FLk;gq;fshf Mf;fp mtw;wpy; FLk;gj;jhYk; Md;khthYk; rpwe;jtu;fspy; vd;id Mf;fpdhd;. ([hkpTj; jpu;kpjp)

mj;dhd; re;jjpapdUila vz;zpf;if gy;fpg; ngUfpaNghJ mtu;fs; kio tsk;> gRik> nropg;Gkpf;f ,lq;fisj;Njb muG ehl;bd; gy gFjpfSf;Fr; nrd;wdu;. mg;J if];> gf;U ,g;D thapy; kw;Wk; jkPk; Mfpa re;jjpapdu; g`;iudpYk;> `dP/gh ,g;D myP ,g;D gf;u; FLk;gj;jpdu; ‘akhkh' nrd;W mq;Fs;s ‘`{[;u;' gFjpapYk; FbNawpdu;. (`{[;u; vd;gJ akhkhtpd; xU efukhFk;.) gf;u; ,g;D thapypd; Vida FLk;gq;fs; akhkh> g`;iud;> i]/g; fhspkh> mjd; mUfhikapYs;s flw;gFjp> ,uhf;fpd; fpuhkg;Gwq;fs; Mfpa ,lq;fspy; FbNawpdu;.

jq;ypg; FLk;gj;jtu;fs; ‘/Guhj;' ejpf;fiuapy; FbNawpdu;. mtu;fspy; xU gphptpdu; gf;u; FLk;gj;jhUf;F mUfpy; trpj;jdu;. gD} jkPk; FLk;gj;jtu;fs; g]uhtpYk; mjd; fpuhkg; gFjpfspYk; trpj;jdu;.

Riyk; FLk;gj;jpdu; kjPdhTf;F mUfhikapy; trpj;jdu;. mtu;fs; thjpy; FuhtpypUe;J ifgu;tiu> kjPdhtpd; fpof;Fg; gFjp> mjd; ,U kiyg;gFjpfs; kw;Wk; `u;uh tiu trpj;jdu;.

m]j; FLk;gj;jpdu; ‘jPkh/' efuj;jpd; fpof;Fg; gFjpYk; ‘$/gh' efuj;jpd; Nkw;Fg; gFjpapYk; trpj;jdu;. mtu;fSf;Fk; jPkh/Tf;FkpilNa ‘ja;k;' Nfhj;jpuj;ijr; Nru;e;j G`;j;Ju; FLk;gj;jtu;fspd; FbapUg;Gfs; mike;jpUe;jd. mt;₯Uf;Fk; $/ghTf;F kpilapy; Ie;J ehl;fSf;F chpa eilJ}uk; ,Ue;jJ. jpg;ahd; FLk;gj;jtu;fs; jPkh Kjy; `t;uhd; efuk; tiuapYk; fpdhdhtpd; re;jjpapdu; ‘jp`hkh' gFjpapYk; trpj;jdu;. kf;fhtpYk; mjd; Rw;Wg;Gwq;fspYk; Fiw\p FLk;gj;jtu;fs; trpj;jdu;. mtu;fs; xw;Wik ,d;wp gythwhfg; gphpe;J tho;e;jdu;. F]a;k; ,g;D fpyhg; mtu;fis xUq;fpizj;J Fiw\paUf;nfd jdpg;ngUk; rpwg;GfisAk; cau;TfisAk; ngw;Wj; je;jhu;.

 

muG ehl;by; Ml;rp mjpfhuk;

egp (]y;) mtu;fs; jq;fsJ Vfj;Jt miog;igj; njhlq;fpa fhyfl;lj;jpy; mugpa jPgfw;gj;jpy; Ml;rp nra;jtu;fs; ,U tifapduhf ,Ue;jdu;.

1) Kb#l;lg;gl;ltu;fs;: Mdhy; ,tu;fspy; gyu; jdpj;J ,aq;Fk; Rje;jpuk; ngwtpy;iy. khwhf> xU NguuRf;Ff; fPo; fl;Lg;gl;L elg;gtu;fshf ,Ue;jdu;.

2) FLk;gk; kw;Wk; Nfhj;jpuq;fspd; jiytu;fs;: Kb#l;lg;gl;l muru;fSf;Fhpa jdpj;jd;ikAk; chpikAk; ,tu;fSf;Fk; ,Ue;jd. ,tu;fspy; ngUk;ghNyhu; KO Rje;jpuj;Jld; nray;gl;ldu;. kw;Wk; rpyu; VjhtJ Xu; murhpd; gpujpepjpahf nray;gl;ldu;.

Kbauru;fspd; tpguk; gpd;tUkhW: akd; ehl;L muru;fs;> \hk; ehl;L muru;fs;> (,tu;fis f];]hdpd; FLk;gj;jtu;fs; vd tuyhw;wpy; $wg;gLfpwJ) `Puh ehl;L muru;fs;. ,tu;fisj;jtpu NtW rpy muru;fSk; ,Ue;jdu;. mtu;fSf;F Kiwahf Kb#l;lg;gltpy;iy. ,e;j muru;fs; kw;Wk; jiytu;fs; gw;wp RUf;fkhff; fhz;Nghk;.

m) akd; ehL (Vkd;)

‘my; muGy; Mgh' vDk; mugpau;fs; ‘]gh $l;lj;jpdu;' vd akdpy; Gfo; ngw;wpUe;j kpfg;goikahdtu;fs;. mtu;fs; fp.K. 25 Mk; E}w;whz;Lf;F Kd; tho;e;jjhf ‘mt;u;' vDk; efhpy; elj;jpa mfo;thuha;r;rpapy; rhd;Wfs; fpilj;Js;sd. fp.K. 11 Mk; E}w;whz;by; mtu;fsJ Ml;rpAk; Mjpf;fKk; nropg;gila Muk;gpj;jJ.

mtu;fsJ fhyj;ijg; gpd;tUkhW gphpf;fyhk;:

1) fp.K. 1300 ypUe;J fp.K. 620 tiu

,f;fhyfl;lj;jpy; mtu;fsJ ehL ‘kaPdpa;ah' vd miof;fg;gl;lJ. e[;uhDf;Fk; `ou kt;j;Jf;FkpilNa cs;s ‘[t;/g;' vDk; gFjpapy; mtu;fsJ Ml;rp Njhd;wp tsu;r;rp ngw;W `p[h]pd; tl gFjpahd ‘kMd;' kw;Wk; ‘cyh' tiu gutpapUe;jJ.

kaPdpah murhq;fj;jpd; Mjpf;fk; mugpa ehLfspd; vy;iyfSf;F ntspNaAk; tphptile;jpUe;jjhf $wg;gLfpwJ. tzpfNk mtu;fsJ Kf;fpa tho;thjhukhfj; jpfo;e;jJ. mtu;fs;jhd; k/ug; efhpy; akDila tuyhw;wpy; Gfo;ngw;w kpfg;ngUk; mizf;fl;ilf; fl;bdhu;fs;. mjdhy; mtu;fsJ epyq;fs; nropg;gile;jd. MapDk;> mtu;fs; my;yh`;Tf;F ed;wp nrYj;jhky; ghtq;fs; Ghpe;jdu;. ,ijg;gw;wp my;yh`; Fu;Mdpy; $Wfpwhd;.

... mtu;fs; (my;yh`;it) epidg;gijNa kwe;J (jhq;fshfNt ghtk; nra;J) mope;JNghFk; kf;fshfp tpl;lhu;fs;. (my;Fu;Md; 25 : 18)

,f;fhyf;fl;lj;jpy; mtu;fsJ muru;fs; ‘kf;G ]g/' vDk; Gidg;ngauhy; miof;fg;gl;ldu;. mtu;fsJ jiyefuk; ]pu;th`; MFk;. k/g; vDk; efypUe;J tl Nkw;fpy; 50 fpNyh kPl;lu; njhiytpYk; ]d;MTf;Ff; fpof;Nf 142 fpNyh kPl;lu; njhiytpYk; me;efuj;jpd; rpjpyq;fs; fhzf;fpilf;fpd;wd. me;efuk; ,d;W ‘Fiugh' vDk; ngahpy; mwpag;gLfpwJ. ,t;turu;fspd; vz;zpf;if 22 ypUe;J 26 tiu ,Ue;jJ.

2) fp.K. 620ypUe;J fp.K. 115 tiu

akd; ehl;L murhl;rp ,f;fhyf;fl;lj;jpy; ‘]gh' vd miof;fg;gl;lJ. ,f;fhyj;jpy; Ml;rp nra;jtu;fs; ‘kf;g;' vd;w jq;fsJ Gidg; ngaiuj; jtpu;j;J tpl;lhu;fs;. mjd; Ml;rpahsu;fis ]gh kd;du;fs; vd miof;fg;gl;lJ. ‘]pu;th' vd;w efUf;F gjpyhf ‘k/ug;' vd;w efiu jq;fsJ jiyefuhf;fpf; nfhz;ldu;. k/ug; efuj;jpd; rpije;j fl;llq;fs; ‘]d;M' efhpd; fpof;Nf 192 fpNyh kPl;lu; njhiytpy; ,d;Wk; fhzg;gLfpd;wd.

3) fp.K. 115ypUe;J fp.gp. 300 tiu

,f;fhyf;fl;lj;jpy; me;ehL ‘Kjyhk; `pk;ahpa;ah muR' vd;w ngahpy; miof;fg;gl;lJ. Vnddpy;> `pk;au; Fyj;jtu; ]ghit ntw;wp nfhz;L jq;fsJ Mjpf;fj;jpd; fPo; nfhz;L te;jdu;. Kd;G me;ehl;il Ml;rp nra;jtu;fs; ‘]gh' muru;fs; kw;Wk; ‘J}iujhd;' muru;fnsd miof;fg;gl;ldu;. ,k;kd;du;fs; ‘k/ug;'f;F gjpyhf iujhd; vd;gij jq;fsJ jiyefuhf mikj;Jf; nfhz;ldu;. iujhd; efUf;F ‘sp/ghu;' vd;w kw;nwhU ngaUk; cz;L. me;efhpd; rpijTfs; ‘au;ak;'f;F rkPgkhf kJ}u; vDk; kiyapd; mUfhikapy; fhzg;gLfpd;wd. ,f;fhyj;jpy;jhd; ]gh muRf;F mopTk; tPo;r;rpAk; Muk;gkhapd. mtu;fspd; tzpfq;fSk; erpe;jd.

mjw;Fhpa fhuzq;fshtd: 1) ‘epg;j;' ,dj;jtu; `p[h]pd; tlgFjpapy; jq;fsJ Mjpf;fj;ij tphpTgLj;jpdu;. 2) Nuhku;fs; kp];u; (vfpg;J)> \hk; (rphpah) kw;Wk; `p[h]pd; tlgFjpia xl;bAs;s efuq;fspy; jq;fsJ Mjpf;fj;ij Vw;gLj;jp akd; ehl;L muru;fspd; tpahghuj;jpw;fhd fly;khu;f;fj;ijAk; milj;J tpl;ldu;. 3) mtu;fsJ Nfhj;jpuq;fSf;Fs; rz;il rr;ruTfs; Njhd;wpd. Mf> ,k;%d;W fhuzq;fshy; mtu;fsJ Ml;rp tPo;r;rp fz;lJ. NkYk;> f`;jhd; tkprj;jtu;fs; akd; ehl;il Jwe;J J}ukhd ehLfspy; Fbngau;e;jdu;.

4) fp.gp. 300ypUe;J ,];yhk; EioAk;tiu

,f;fhyf;fl;lj;jpy; me;ehL ‘,uz;lhk; `pk;ahpa;ah muR' vd miof;fg;gl;lJ. mg;NghJ Ml;rp nra;jtu;fs; ]g/> J}iujhd;> `ou kt;j;> ak;Dj; muru;fs; vd miof;fg;gl;ldu;. ,f;fhyj;jpy; cs;ehl;L Fog;gq;fs;> FLk;gr; rz;ilfs;> Gul;rpfs; njhlu;r;rpahf epfo;e;jd. mjd; fhuzkhf mtu;fsJ murhl;rp KbTf;F te;jJ. ,f;fhyj;jpy; Nuhku;fs; ‘mj;d;' efiuf; ifg;gw;wpdu;. `k;jhd; kw;Wk; `pk;au; Fyj;jtilNa ,Ue;j Nghl;biag; gad;gLj;jpf; nfhz;L Nuhku;fspd; cjtpAld; `g\pau;fs; Kjd; Kjyhf fp.gp. 340y; akd; ehl;il ifg;gw;wpdu;. ,tu;fspd; Ml;rp fp.gp. 378 tiu ePbj;jJ. mjw;Fg;gpd; me;ehL `g\pau;fspd; Mjpf;fj;jpypUe;J Rje;jpukile;jJ. fp.gp. 450 my;yJ 451y; khngUk; nts;sg; gpusak; Vw;gl;L mtu;fsJ efuq;fs; ngUj;j Nrjk; mile;jjhy;> efuq;fisj; Jwe;J gy ,lq;fSf;Fr; nrd;W FbNawpdu;. ,t;nts;sg; gpusaj;ij ‘irYy; mhpk;' vd Nkd;ikkpF Fu;Md; $WfpwJ.

fp.gp. 523k; Mz;by; akd; ehl;il Ml;rp nra;j ‘J} Eth];' vd;w εjf; nfhLq;Nfhyd; e[;uhd; tho; fpU];Jtu;fs; kPJ nfh^ukhd jhf;Fjiyj; njhLj;jhd;. mtu;fis gyte;jkhf fpU];Jt kjj;jpypUe;J khw;wpl Kide;jhd;. mtu;fs; kWj;jjd; fhuzkhf ngUk; mfo;fisj; Njhz;b neUg;Gf; Fz;lj;ij tsu;j;J> mjDs; mtu;fis tPrp vwpe;jhd;. ,J Fwpj;J my;yh`; jdJ mUs;kiwapy; gpd;tUkhW Fwpg;gpLfpwhd;:

tpwFfs; Nghl;L vhpf;Fk; neUg;G mfo; Njhz;batu;fs; mopf;fg; gl;lhu;fs;.... (my;Fu;Md; 85 : 4-7)

,r;rk;gtj;jhy; fpwp];Jtu;fs; kpfTk; nfhjpg;gile;J gopthq;fj; Jbj;jdu;. vdNt> Nuhkhdpa muru;fspd; jiyikf;F fPo; xd;wpize;J akd; ehl;bd; kPJ Nghu; Ghpa Maj;jkhapdu;.

Nuhk; kd;du;fs; `g\pau;fisj; J}z;btpl;L mtu;fSf;nfd fg;gy; kw;Wk; glFfisj; jahu;nra;J nfhLj;jhu;fs;. mjd; fhuzkhf ‘mu;ahj;' vd;gtd; jiyikapy; `g\htpypUe;J 70>000 tPuu;fs; akd; te;jpwq;fp fp.gp 525k; Mz;L mjid ,uz;lhtJ Kiwahf ifg;gw;wpdu;. mu;ahj; fp.gp 549 tiu `g\h kd;dd; ftu;duhf ,Ue;jhd;. mu;ahj;jpd; jsgjpfspy; xUtdhd ‘mg;u`h ,g;D ]g;gh`; my; m\;uk;' vd;gtd; mu;ahij tQ;rfkhff; nfhiy nra;Jtpl;L `g\h kd;dd; xg;GjYld; jd;id murdhf mwptpj;Jf; nfhz;lhd;. ,e;j mg;u`hjhd; ,iwapy;ykhd fmghit ,bf;f giliaj; jpul;batd;. mtDk; mtdJ ahidg; gilapdUk; ‘m];`hGy; /gPy;' vd mwpag;gLfpd;wdu;. me;epfo;r;rpf;Fg;gpd; ]d;M jpUk;gpa mtid my;yh`; mopj;njhopj;jhd;. mtDf;Fg; gpwF mtDila kfd; ‘af;]_k;' vd;gtDk; mjw;Fg; gpwF ,uz;lhtJ kfd; ‘k];&f;' vd;gtDk; akid Ml;rp nra;jdu;. ,e;j ,UtUk; jq;fsJ je;ijiatpl Fbkf;fisf; nfhLik nra;Ak; kpff; nfhba nfhLq;Nfhyu;fshf ,Ue;jdu;.

ahid rk;gtj;jpw;Fg;gpd; fp.gp. 575y; akdpau;> kmjP fg i]/g; ,g;D J} a[pd; my;`pk;ahpd; jiyikapd; fPo; ghurPfu;fspd; cjtpAld; akid Mf;fpukpj;jpUe;j `g\pau;fis vjpu;j;Jg; Nghhpl;L mtu;fis akdpypUe;J ntspNaw;wp> mijj; jq;fsJ fl;Lg;ghl;Lf;Fs; nfhz;L te;jdu;. mtiuj; jq;fsJ muruhfTk; Vw;Wf; nfhz;ldu;. ‘kmjP fg' jdf;F Copak; nra;aTk; gazq;fspy; Jizahf ,Ug;gjw;fhfTk; xU `g\pg; giliaj; jd;Dld; itj;jpUe;jhu;. mtiu mtu;fs; jpBnudj; jhf;fp tQ;rfkhff; nfhd;W tpl;ldu;. mtuJ kuzj;Jld; ‘J} a[pd;' FLk;g Ml;rp KbTf;F te;jJ.

mjd;gpwF ghurPf kd;du;fspd; mjpfhuj;jpd; fPo; akd; ehL te;jJ. ghurPf kd;du;fs; xUtu; gpd; xUtuhfj; njhlu;e;J Ml;rp nra;jdu;. mtu;fspy; Kjyhktu; t`;U[;> gpwF kpu;[;ghd; ,g;D t`;U[;> gpwF mtuJ kfd; jPd;[hd;> gpwF F];U ,g;D jPd;[hd;> gpwF ghjhd;. ,tNu ghurPf kd;du;fspy; ,Wjpahdtu;. ,tu; fp.gp. 628y; ,];yhik Vw;whu;. ,j;Jld; akd; kPjhd ghurPfu;fspd; Ml;rp KbTf;F te;jJ.

M) `Puh ehL

,uhf;ifAk; mijr; Rw;wpAs;s gFjpfisAk; ‘$&\{y; fgPu;' vd;gtd; jiyikapd; fPo; fp.K. 557ypUe;J fp.K. 529 tiu ghurPfu;fs; Ml;rp nra;jdu;. mtu;fis vtuhYk; tPo;j;j Kbatpy;iy. ,Wjpahf> ghurPfu;fspd; muruhd ‘jhuh' vd;gtiu ‘,];fe;jUy; kf;J}dp' vd;gtu; fp.K. 326y; Njhw;fbj;jhu;. NkYk; ghurPfu;fspd; Mjpf;fj;ijAk; typikiaAk; Kwpabj;J mtu;fsJ efuq;fis rpd;dh gpd;dkhf;fpdhu;. gpwF jthap/g; vd;w ngaUila muru;fs; me;ehl;il gy gFjpfshff; gphpj;J fp.gp. 230 tiu Ml;rp nra;jdu;. ,tu;fsJ Ml;rp fhyj;jpy; f`;jhd; Nfhj;jpuj;jpdu; ,uhf;fpd; rpy fpuhk gFjpfisf; ifg;gw;wpdu;. mijj; njhlu;e;J mtu;fSf;Fg; Nghl;bahf mj;dhd; Nfhj;jpuj;jhu;fSk; /Guhj; ejpf;fiuapd; rpy gFjpfspy; FbNawpdu;.

,t;thW Fbngau;e;jtu;fspy; KjyhtJ muruhf ,Ue;jtu; f`;jhd; tkprj;ij Nru;e;j ‘khypf; ,g;D /g`;k; mj;jD}fp' vd;gtuhthu;. ‘md;ghu;' my;yJ mjw;F mUfpYs;s gFjp mtuJ Ml;rpapd; jiyikafkhfj; jpfo;e;jJ. mtUf;Fg; gpwF mtuJ rNfhjuu; mk;U ,g;D /g`;k; Ml;rp nra;jhu;. rpyu; ‘mg;u\;> to;oh`;' vd;W miof;fg;gl;l ‘[{ijkh ,g;D /g`;k;' vd;w mtuJ rNfhjuu; Ml;rp nra;jhu; vdf; $Wfpd;wdu;.

fp.gp. 226-Mk; Mz;L ]h]hdpah muir cUthf;fpa ‘mu;J\Pu; ,g;D ghgf;' vd;w kd;dd; fhyj;jpy; ,uz;lhtJ Kiwahf ghurPfu;fs; ,uhf; ehl;il ifg;gw;wpdu;. mk;kd;du; ghurPfu;fis xd;wpizj;J ehl;bd; vy;iyg; Gwq;fspy; tho;e;J te;j mugpau;fis mlf;fp mtu;fs; kPJ jdJ Mjpf;fj;ij epiyehl;bdhu;. `Puh ehl;ltu;fSk; md;ghu; efuj;ij Nru;e;jtu;fSk; mtUf;Ff; fPo;g;gbe;jhu;fs;. Mdhy;> FohM Nfhj;jpuj;jpdu; jq;fsJ Cu;fisj; Jwe;J \hk; ehl;Lf;F Fbngau;e;jdu;.

mu;j\PUila fhyj;jpy; `Puh kw;Wk; ,uhf;fpy; tho;e;j fpuhkj;jtu;fs; kw;Wk; mugpa jPgfw;gj;jpy; tho;e;j ugPM> Kou; MfpNahu; kPJ ‘[{ijkj;Jy; to;oh`;' vd;gtu; Mjpf;fk; nrYj;jpdhu;. mjhtJ mugpau;fs; kPJ Neubahf Ml;rp nra;tJk; mtu;fspd; jhf;Fjy;fspypUe;J jdJ ehl;ilf; fhg;gJk; mu;j\PUf;F kpFe;j rpukkhfj; Njhd;wpaJ. MfNt> mugpau;fspNyNa xUtiuj; Nju;e;njLj;J mtiu muruhf;fpdhy; mtu; jdf;F cWJizahfTk; cjtpahfTk; mikthu; vd vz;zpdhu;. NkYk;> jd;id mr;RWj;jpf; nfhz;bUf;Fk; Nuhku;fis vjpu;nfhs;s me;j mugpfspd; cjtpiag; gad;gLj;jpf; nfhs;s KbAnkdTk; jpl;lkpl;lhu;. mJkl;Lkpd;wp Nuhku;fSf;F cjtp nra;JtUk; \hk; ehl;L mugpau;fis ,uhf;fpd; mugpau;fis nfhz;L jLf;f ehbdhu;. MfNtjhd; mugpauhfpa [{ijkhit Nkw;$wpa gFjpfSf;F mu;j\Pu; muruhf;fpdhu;. jdJ Ml;rpia vjpu;f;Fk; mugpa goq;Fb kf;fis mlf;fp itf;f [{ijkhTf;F ghurPf uhZtg;gil xd;iwAk; mtu; toq;fpdhu;. [{ijkh fp.gp. 268-Mk; Mz;L kuzkile;jhu;.

[{ijkh kuzkhd gpd;G> mjhtJ kd;du; ‘fp];uh ]hg+u; ,g;D mu;j\PUila' Ml;rpf; fhyj;jpy; mk;U ,g;D mjP ,g;D e];u; my;yf;kp fp.gp. 268 Kjy; 288 tiu `PuhitAk; md;ghiuAk; Ml;rp nra;jhu;. yf;k; Nfhj;jpu muru;fspYk; `Puhitj; jiyefuhff; nfhz;L Ml;rp Ghpe;jtu;fspYk; ,tNu Kjd;ikahdtu;. ,tiuaLj;J yf;k; Nfhj;jpu muru;fs; gyu; njhlu;e;J `Puhit Mz;L te;jdu;. ,Wjpahf (fp.gp. 448 Kjy; 531 tiu) ‘Fghj; ,g;D /igNuh[;' ghurPf kd;duhdhu;. ,tuJ Ml;rpapd;NghJ ‘k[;jf;' vd;gtd; Njhd;wp Kiwaw;w ghypay; cwtpd; gf;fk; kf;fis mioj;jhd;. kd;du; Fghj; kw;Wk; mtdJ Fbkf;fspy; mjpfkhdtu;fs; mtid gpd;gw;wpdu;. gpwF Fghj;> `Puhtpd; kd;duhd Kd;jpu; ,g;D khT]; ]khit (fp.gp. 512-554) ,opthd ,t;topKiwia Vw;FkhW mioj;jhd;. mtu; mij Kw;wpYkhf kWj;Jtpl;lhu;. mjdhy; mtiu ePf;fptpl;L mtUf;Fg; gjpyhf k[;jf;fpd; topia gpd;gw;wpa ‘`h]; ,g;D mk;u; ,g;D `[u; my; fpd;jP' vd;gtid murdhf;fpdhd;.

FghJf;Fg; gpwF ‘mD}N\u;thd;' (fp.gp. 531-578) vd;gtu; kd;duhdhu;. ,tu; ,e;j jtwhd topia Kw;wpYk; ntWj;jhu;. k[;jf; kw;Wk; mtdJ topia gpd;gw;wpatu;fisf; nfhiy nra;jhu;. `h]; ,g;D mk;iu ePf;fptpl;L kPz;Lk; Kd;jpiu `Puhtpd; muruhf;fpdhu;. `h]; ,g;D mk;iu ifJ nra;a Kad;wNghJ mtd; ‘fy;G' Nfhj;jpuj;jhhplk; nrd;W milf;fykhfp kuzk; tiu mq;NfNa jq;fptpl;lhd;. Kd;jpu; ,g;D khT]; ]khTf;Fg; gpwFk; mtuJ FLk;gj;jhhplNk Ml;rp ,Ue;jJ. mtuJ kfd; E/khd; ,g;D Kd;jpu; fp.gp. 583 ypUe;J 605 tiu Ml;rp nra;jhu;. mg;NghJ ‘i[J ,g;D mjP' vd;gtd; $wpa jtwhd jftyhy; E/khd; kPJ Nfhgkile;J mtiuj; Njbtu fp];uh tPuu;fis mDg;gp itj;jhu;. E/khd; ufrpakhf ntspNawp i\ghd; Nfhj;jpuj;jpd; jiytuhd `hdp ,g;D k];₯jplk; milf;fyk; ngw;W mthplk; jdJ FLk;gj;jpdiuAk; nry;tq;fisAk; xg;gilj;Jtpl;L fp];uhtplk; jpUk;gpdhu;. fp];uh mtiu kuzkilAk; tiu rpiwapy; milj;jhu;.

mjd;gpwF E/khDf;Fg; gjpyhf ‘,ah]; ,g;D fgP]h mj;jhk;' vd;gtiu `Puhtpd; muruhf;fpdhu;. `hdp ,g;D k];₯jplk; E/khd; nfhLj;J itj;jpUe;jij kPl;L tUkhW> ,ah]{f;F fp];uh cj;jutpl;lhu;. fp];uhtpd; cj;jutpw;fpzq;f ,ah]; rpyiu `hdpaplk; mDg;gpaNghJ `hdp> E/khdpd; mkhdpjj;ij ju Kw;wpYk; kWj;Jtpl;L fp];uhTld; Nghiu gpufldg;gLj;jpdhu;. mijf; fz;l ,ah]; jd;dplkpUe;j fp];uhtpd; gil gl;lhsq;fis mioj;Jf; nfhz;L `hdpaplk; Nghu; Ghpa gazkhdhu;. ‘jP fhu;' vd;Dkplj;jpy; ,U gilfSf;FkpilNa kpff; fLikahd Nghu; ele;jJ. ,Wjpapy; i\ghd; Nfhj;jpuj;jpdu; ntw;wpngw;wdu;. ghurPfu;fs; gLNjhy;tp mile;jdu;. ,JNt mugpau;fs; mugpauy;yhjtu;fs; kPJ nfhz;l Kjy; ntw;wpahFk;. ,e;epfo;r;rp egp (]y;) mtu;fs; gpwe;j gpwF eilngw;wJ.

,g;Nghu; eilngw;w fhyk; Fwpj;J tuyhw;W Mrphpau;fSf;fpilNa khWgl;l gy fUj;Jfs; ,Uf;fpd;wd.

1) egp (]y;) mtu;fs; gpwe;j rpwpJ fhyj;jpNyNa ,g;Nghu; eilngw;wJ `Puhtpw;F ,ah]; ,g;D fgP]h ftu;duhfg; nghWg;Ngw;w vl;lhtJ khjj;jpy; egp (]y;) mtu;fs; gpwe;jhu;fs; vd;W rpyu; $Wfpd;wdu;.

2) egp (]y;) mtu;fSf;F egpj;Jtk; fpilg;gjw;Fr; rpwpJ fhyj;jpw;F Kd;dhy; ,g;Nghu; epfo;e;jJ vd;W rpyu; $Wfpd;wdu;. ,JNt Vw;fj;jf;fJ.

3) egpj;Jtk; fpilf;fg; ngw;wjw;F rpwpJ fhyj;jpw;F gpwF ,g;Nghu; epfo;e;jJ vd;W rpyu; $Wfpd;wdu;.

4) egp (]y;) mtu;fs; kf;fhtpypUe;J kjPdh nrd;wjw;F gpwF ,g;Nghu; epfo;e;jJ vd;Wk; rpyu; $Wfpd;wdu;.

5) gj;u; Aj;jj;jpw;Fg; gpwF ,g;Nghu; eilngw;wJ vd;Wk; rpyu; $Wfpd;wdu;. kw;Wk; gy fUj;Jf;fSk; $wg;gLfpd;wd.

,ah]{f;Fg; gpwF ‘M[hjpgh ,g;D kh`;gpahd; ,g;D k`;uh ge;jhj;' vd;w ghurPfiu `Puhtpd; ftu;duhf fp];uh epakpj;jhu;. mtu; gjpNdO Mz;Lfs; (fp.gp. 614-631) Ml;rp nra;jhu;. gpwF fp.gp. 632y; ‘yf;k;' Nfhj;jpuj;jhu;fsplk; Ml;rp jpUk;gpaJ. mtu;fspy; ‘k/&u;' vd;wiof;fg;gl;l Kd;jpu; ,g;D E/khd; vd;gtu; Ml;rp nghWg;Ngw;whu;. vdpDk;> mtuJ Ml;rp vl;L khjq;fNs ePbj;jJ. fhypj; ,g;D tyPj; (uop) K];ypk;fspd; gilAld; nrd;W me;ehl;il ntw;wp nfhz;lhu;fs;.

,) \hk; ehL (]phpah)

mugpau;fs; gy;NtW gFjpfSf;Fk; Fbngau;e;J nfhz;bUe;j fhyj;jpy; FohM Nfhj;jpuj;jpd; ‘gD} ]{iy`; ,g;D `{y;thd;' FLk;gj;jpdu; \hk; ehl;bd; ‘k\h/g;' vd;w gFjpfspy; FbNawpdu;. ‘o[hk;kh' vdg; gpugykile;j ‘o[;mk; ,g;D ]yP`;' vd;w gphptpdu; Nkw;$wg;gl;l gD} ]{iy`; FLk;gj;ijr; Nru;e;jtu;fs; Mtu;. ghiytdq;fspy; topg;gwp nra;J nfhz;bUe;j fpuhkj;J mugpau;fisj; jLf;fTk;> ghurPfu;fis vjpu;f;fTk; o[hk;khf;fis Nuhku;fs; gad;gLj;jpdu;. mjw;fhf mtu;fspy; xUtUf;F mur gjtpAk; toq;fpdu;. gy Mz;Lfs; ,tu;fsJ FLk;g Ml;rp njhlu;e;jJ. ,tu;fspy; ‘[pahJ ,g;D `g+yh' vd;gtu; Gfo;ngw;w muruhthu;.

o[hk;khtpdd; Ml;rpf; fhyk; fp.gp. ,uz;lhk; E}w;whz;bd; njhlf;fj;jpypUe;J mjd; ,Wjptiu ePbj;jJ. mjw;F gpwF f];]hdpau;> o[hk;khtpdu; kPJ Nghu; njhLj;J Ml;rpiaf; ifg;gw;wpdu;. ,ijf; fz;l Nuhku;fs; \hk; ehl;L mugpau;fSf;F f];]hdpau;fis muru;fshf epakpj;jdu;. ,tu;fsJ jiyefukhf G];uh tpsq;fpaJ. `p[;hp 13Mk; Mz;L au;%f; Nghu; eilngWk; tiu f];]hdpau;fs; Nuhku;fspd; ftu;du;fshfNt \hk; ehl;by; Ml;rp nra;jdu;. me;jf; ftu;du;fspy; ,Wjpahdtuhd ‘[gyh ,g;D ma;`k;' vd;gtu; mkPUy; K/kpdPd; cku; (uop) mtu;fspd; fhyj;jpy; K];ypk;fSf;F mbgzpe;jhu;. (,J Fwpj;j Nky; tptuq;fis jghp> ,g;D fy;J}d;> k];Cjp> ,g;D Fijgh> ,g;Dy; m]Pu; Mfpa E}y;fspy; fhzyhk;.)

<) `p [h]; gFjpapy; mjpfhuk;

,];khaPy; (miy) mtu;fs; jq;fspd; tho;ehs; tiu kf;fh efhpd; jiytuhfTk; ,iwapy;ykhd fmghtpd; epu;thfpahfTk; ,Ue;jhu;fs;. mtu;fs; 137tJ tajpy; kuzkile;jhu;fs;. (]p/g;Uj; jf;tPd;> jghp)

,];khaPy; (miy) mtu;fs; 130tJ tajpy; kuzkhdhu;fs; vd;w xU $w;Wk; $wg;gLfpwJ. (jg> ah$gp)

,];khaPy; (miy) mtu;fspd; kuzj;jpw;Fg; gpwF mtu;fSila gps;isfspy; xUtu; kf;fhit epu;tfpj;jhu; vd;Wk;> rpyu; Kjyhtjhf ehgpj; gpwF ifjhu; vd ,UtUk; epu;tfpj;jdu; vd;Wk; $Wfpd;wdu;. mtu;fSf;Fg; gpd; mt;tpUthpd; jha;top ghl;ldhuhd Koho; ,g;D mk;u; [{u;`{kp jiytuhdhu;. ,t;thW ,];khaPy; (miy) mtu;fspd; FLk;gj;jhhplkpUe;J [{u;`{k; Nfhj;jpuj;Jf;F jiyikj;Jtk; khwpaJ. Mdhy;> ,];khaPy; (miy) mtu;fs; jq;fsJ je;ijAld; ,iwahyaj;ij fl;batu;fs; vd;w mbg;gilapy; mtu;fspd; guk;giuapdUf;F kf;fs; kj;jpapy; kpFe;j kjpg;Gk; khpahijAk; ,Ue;jJ. vdpDk; jiyikj;Jtk; kw;Wk; mjpfhuj;jpy; mtu;fSf;F vt;tpjg; gq;Fk; ,Uf;ftpy;iy. (,g;D `p\hk;)

ehl;fs; efu;e;jd. fhyq;fs; fle;jd. ,];khaPy; (miy) mtu;fSila re;jjpfspd; epiyikfis vLj;Jf; $WksTf;F nghpjhf ,y;iy. ‘Gf;j; e];u;' vd;w kd;dd; Njhd;Wtjw;Fr; rpwpJ fhyk; Kd;G [{u;`{k; Nfhj;jpuj;jpdu; Kw;wpYk; eype;Jtpl;ldu;. mf;fhyj;jpy; kf;fhtpy; mj;dhd; tkprj;jtd; murpay; Mjpf;fk; tsuj; njhlq;fpaJ. Gf;Je];Uf;Fk; mugpau;fSf;FkpilNa ‘jhj; ,u;f;' vd;w ,lj;jpy; eilngw;w Nghhpy; mugpag; gilapd; jsgjpahf [{u;`{k; Nfhj;jpuj;jpdu; ,Uf;ftpy;iy. khwhf> ,g;gilf;F mj;dhd; jsgjpahf ,Ue;jhu;. (jg)

gpwF Gf;J e];u; fp.gp. 587y; ,uz;lhtJ Kiwahf Nghu; njhLj;jNghJ mj;dhdpau;fs; akd; ehl;Lf;Fj; jg;gpr; nrd;wdu;. mr;re;ju;g;gj;jpy; ,];uNtyu;fspd; egpahd ‘au;kpah`;' mtu;fspd; Njhou; ‘gu;fpah' vd;gtu; mj;dhdpd; kfd; ‘kmj;'ij \hk; ehl;bYs;s `u;uhd; efUf;F mioj;Jr; nrd;whu;. Gf;J e];Uila fhyj;Jf;Fg; gpd; kmj; kf;fh jpUk;gpdhu;. mq;F [{u;`{k; Nfhj;jpuj;jpy; ‘[t;\k; ,g;D [{y;`{kh' vd;gtu; kl;LNk kPjkpUe;jhu;. mtuJ kfis kmj; kze;J nfhz;lhu;. ,UtUf;Fk; e[hu; vd;gtu; gpwe;jhu;. (jghp> /gj;`{y; ghhp)

[{u;`{k; Nfhj;jpuj;jpdhpd; epiyik kf;fhtpy; kpf Nkhrkile;J> nghUshjhu neUf;fbf;F Mshapdu;. fmghit jhprpf;f te;jtu;fis ,k;rpj;J fmghtpd; nry;tq;fisAk; #iwahbdu;. (jghp)

,r;nray; mj;dhdpau;fSf;F kpFe;j ntWg;ig cz;lhf;fpaJ. F[hM Nfhj;jpuj;jpdu; kf;fhTf;F mUfpYs;s ‘ku;Us; s`;uhd;' vd;w ,lj;jpy; FbNawpaNghJ [{u;`{k; Nfhj;jpuj;jpdu; kPJ mj;dhdpau;fs; nfhz;bUe;j ntWg;ig gad;gLj;jpf; nfhz;ldu;. mj;dhdpau;fspd; xU gphptpduhd ‘gD} gf;U ,g;D mg;J kdh/g;' FLk;gj;jhhpd; cjtpAld; F[hMtpdu; [{u;`{k; Nfhj;jpuj;jhu; kPJ Nghu; njhLj;J> mtu;fis kf;fhtpypUe;J ntspNaw;wp> mijj; jq;fsJ fl;Lg;ghl;Lf;Fs; nfhz;L te;jdu;. fp.gp. ,uz;lhk; E}w;whz;bd; ghjptiu mtu;fsJ Ml;rpNa kf;fhtpy; ePbj;jJ.

[{u;`{k; $l;lj;jpdu; kf;fhtpypUe;J ntspNaw;wg;gl;lNghJ [k;[k; fpzw;iw milahsk; njhpahj tifapy; gy nghUs;fisg; Nghl;L epug;gp kiwj;J tpl;ldu;. tuyhw;whrphpauhd ,g;D ,];`hf; (u`;) $Wfpwhu;:

‘;mk;u; ,g;D `h]; ,g;D Koho; [{u;`{kP' vd;gtu; fmghtpypUe;j ,uz;L jq;f khd; rpiyfisAk;> m];tj; fy;iyAk; [k;[k; fpzw;wpDs; Nghl;L %btpl;lhu;. mtUk; mtiur; Nru;e;j [{u;`{k; Nfhj;jpuj;jhUk; akd; ehl;Lf;Fr; nrd;W FbNawpdu;. kf;fhit tpl;Lg; gpe;jijAk; mjd; mjpfhuk; if eOtpg; NghdijAk; vz;zp mtu;fs; kpFe;j tUj;jk; mile;jdu;.

,J Fwpj;J mk;u; ,f;ftpijia ghbdhu;:

`[_d;> ]/gh ,ilNa NerUkpy;iy

kf;fhtpy; ,uhf;fij NgRgtUk; ,y;iy

khwhf> ehq;fNs mq;F trpj;J te;Njhk;;

Mdhy; vq;fis fhyq;fspd; khw;wq;fSk;

Mgj;J epiwe;j tpjpfSk; mopj;Jtpl;ld. (,g;D `p\hk;> jghp)

egp ,];khaPy; (miy) mtu;fspd; fhyk; egp <]h (miy) mtu;fsJ gpwg;Gf;F ,uz;lhapuk; Mz;LfSf;F Ke;jpajhFk;. [{u;`{k; Nfhj;jpuj;jpdu; Vwf;Fiwa ,uz;lhapuj;J E}W Mz;Lfs; kf;fhtpy; trpj;J mjid Vwf;Fiwa ,uz;lhapuk; tUlq;fs; jq;fspd; Mjpf;fj;jpy; itj;jpUe;jdu;.

F[hMtpdu; kf;fhitf; ifg;gw;wpa gpwF gf;u; Nfhj;jpuj;jhiu ,izj;Jf; nfhs;shky; jdpahfNt jq;fsJ Ml;rpia epWtpf; nfhz;ldu;. vdpDk;> gf;u; Nfhj;jpuj;ij Nru;e;j Kou; FLk;gj;jhUf;F kl;Lk; %d;W nghWg;Gfs; fpl;bd.

KjyhtJ: `[;[{f;F tUgtu;fis mu/ghtpypUe;J K[;jyp/ghTf;F mioj;J tUtJ kw;Wk; `[;[pd; filrp jpdkhd 13tJ ehsd;W kpdhtpypUe;J gazkhtjw;F mDkjpaspj;jy;.

,g;nghWg;Gfs; ,y;ah]; ,g;D Kou; tkprj;jpy; my; ft;]; ,g;D Ku;uh FLk;gj;jhUf;Ff; fpl;bd. ,tu;fs; ‘]_/gh' vd miof;fg;gl;ldu;. ,tu;fsJ rpwg;G vd;dntdpy;> ]_/ghitr; Nru;e;j xUtu; mfghtpy; fy; vwpahjtiu NtW ahUk; vwpakhl;lhu;fs;. kf;fs; fy;nywpe;J Kbj;J kpdhtpypUe;J ntspNaWtjhapUe;jhy; fzthapd; ,UGwq;fisAk; ]_/ghtpdu; %btpLthu;fs;. mtu;fs; Kjypy; ntspNawpr; nrd;w gpwNf kw;wtu;fs; ntspNaw mDkjpf;fg;gLthu;fs;. ]_/ghtpdu; ,we;Jtpl;l gpwF jkPk; fpisiar; Nru;e;j ]mJ ,g;D i[J kdhj; FLk;gj;jpdUf;F ,g;nghWg;G fpilj;jJ.

,uz;lhtJ: Jy;`[; gpiwapd; 10Mk; ehs; K[;jyp/ghtpypUe;J kpdhTf;F kf;fis mioj;Jr; nry;Yk; nghWg;G mj;thd; FLk;gj;jhu;fsplk; ,Ue;jJ.

%d;whtJ: (Nghu; Ghpa jil nra;ag;gl;l) Gdpj khjq;fis #o;epiyf;Nfw;g Kd; gpd;dhf khw;wpf; nfhs;Sk; mjpfhuk;> ‘/Gifk; ,g;D mjP' vd;w fpdhdh FLk;gj;jhhplk; ,Ue;jJ. (,g;D `p\hk;)

F[hMtpdhpd; Mjpf;fk; kf;fhtpy; Kd;D}W Mz;Lfs; ,Ue;jJ. (ah$j;> /gj;`{y; ghhp)

,tu;fspd; fhyj;jpy; mj;dhd; tkprj;ijr; Nru;e;jtu;fs; e[;j;> ,uhf;> g`;iud; Mfpa ehLfSf;Fr; nrd;W FbNawpdu;. kf;fhtpy; Fiw\piar; Nru;e;j rpy FLk;gj;jhu;fs; kl;Lk; Mq;fhq;Nf gphpe;J tho;e;jdu;. mtu;fSf;F kf;fh kw;Wk; Gdpj fmghtpd; mjpfhuk; vJTk; ,Uf;ftpy;iy. ,e;epiyapy; ‘F]a; ,g;D fpyhg;' vd;gtu; Fiw\pau;fspy; Njhd;wpdhu;. (,g;D `p\hk;)

F]a;apd; RUf;fkhd tuyhW

‘F]a;apd;' rpW tajpNyNa mtuJ je;ij kuzkhfptpl;lhu;. mtuJ jhia cj;uh FLk;gj;ijr; Nru;e;j ‘ugPM ,g;D `uhk;' vd;gtu; kzKbj;jhu;. mtu; jdJ kidtpiaAk; F]a;iaAk; \hk; ehl;bYs;s jdJ CUf;F mioj;J te;jhu;. F]a; thypguhfp kf;fh jpUk;gpdhu;. me;Neuj;jpy; kf;fhtpd; epu;thfpahf F[hM Nfhj;jpuj;ijr; Nru;e;j ‘`{iyy; ,g;D `g;\pa;ah' vd;gtu; ,Ue;jhu;. `{iyypd; kfs; ‘`{g;gh' vd;gtiu F]a; kzKbj;jhu;. (,g;D `p\hk;)

rpy ehl;fSf;Fg; gpwF `{iyy; fhykhdhu;. mg;NghJ F[hM kw;Wk; Fiw\paUf;fpilapy; rz;il %z;lJ. ,jpy; F]a;Ak; mtiur; Nru;e;jtu;fSk; kf;fhtpd; mjpfhuj;ijf; ifg;gw;wpdu;.

,r;rz;il %z;ljw;Fhpa fhuzq;fisg; gw;wp %d;W fUj;Jf;fs; $wg;gLfpd;wd.

1) F]a; kf;fhtpy; ed;F Gfo;ngw;whu;. mtuJ nry;tq;fSk; FLk;gq;fSk; ngUfpd. jdJ khkdhu; `{iyy; kuzkhd gpwF F[hM kw;Wk; gf;u; Nfhj;jpuj;jhiu tpl jhNd fmghitAk; kf;fhitAk; epu;tfpg;gjw;Fj; jFjpahdtu;; mJkl;Lkpd;wp> Fiw\pau;jhd; ,];khaPy; (miy) mtu;fspd; topj;Njhd;wy;fspy; jiyikj;Jtk; kpf;ftu;fs; vd vz;zpdhu;. MfNt> F[hM kw;Wk; gf;u; Nfhj;jpuj;jhiu kf;fhtpypUe;J ntspNaw;Wtjw;F fpdhdh kw;Wk; Fiw\p Nfhj;jpuj;jhhplk; F]a;k; Ngr;Rthu;j;ij elj;jpdhu;. mtu;fSk; mij xg;Gf;nfhs;sNt ,tu;fs; mtu;fs; kPJ Nghu; njhLj;jdu;.

2) fmgh kw;Wk; kf;fhit epu;tfpf;f Ntz;Lk; vd F]a;k;f;F `{iyy; jdJ kuz Neuj;jpy; fl;lisapl;lhu;. Mdhy; mjw;F F[hMtpdu; xg;Gf;nfhs;stpy;iy. vdNt ,U jug;gpdilNa Nghu; %z;lJ.

3) `{iyy; jdJ kfs; `{g;ghtpw;F fmghit epu;tfpf;Fk; mjpfhuj;ij toq;fpdhu;. mts; rhu;ghf mg;nghWg;ig epiwNtw;Wtjw;F F[hM tkprj;ijr; Nru;e;j ‘mg+ FG\hd;' vd;gtiu F]a; epakpj;jhu;. mtu; `{g;ghTf;F gjpyhf fmghit epu;tfpj;J te;jhu;. mtu; rw;W Gj;jp RthjPdkw;wtuhf ,Ue;jhu;. `{iyy; kuzkile;j gpwF F]a; mg+ FG\hDf;F rpy xl;lfq;fs; my;yJ rpy kJg; gPg;gha;fs; nfhLj;J fmghtpd; mjpfhuj;ijf; ifg;gw;wpdhu;. ,ij F[hMtpdu; xg;Gf; nfhs;stpy;iy. F]a; fmghit epu;tfpf;ff;$lhJ vd jLj;jdu;. ,jdhy; F]a; kf;fhtpypUe;J F[hMtpdiu ntspNaw;Wtjw;fhf Fiw\p kw;Wk; fpdhdh Nfhj;jpuj;jpdhpd; cjtpia ehbdhu;. mtu;fSk; mjw;fpzq;fpajhy; ,U jug;gpdUf;fpilNa Nghu; %z;lJ. (/gj;`{y; ghhp> k];₯jp)

fhuzq;fs; vJthf ,Ug;gpDk; epfo;Tfs; gpd;tUkhW mike;jd:

`{iyy; kuzkile;j gpwFk; ]_/ghf;fs; jq;fspd; Nkw;$wg;gl;l nghWg;Gfis epiwNtw;wp te;jdu;. xUehs; Fiw\p kw;Wk; fpdhdh Nfhj;jpuj;jpdiu F]a; jd;Dld; mioj;Jf; nfhz;L ‘]_/gh'f;fs; $bapUe;j fztha;f;F te;J ‘‘,e;j nghWg;Gf;F cq;fistpl ehq;fNs mjpf chpikAs;stu;fs;'' vd;W $wpdhu;. ,U gphptpdUf;Fk; ,ilapy; tha; rz;il %z;L iffyg;G Vw;gl;lJ. ,Wjpapy; ]_/ghf;fis Njhw;fbj;J F]a; tpul;btpl;lhu;. ,J F[hM kw;Wk; gf;u; Nfhj;jpuj;jhUf;F gpbf;fhjjhy; F]a;aplkpUe;J tpyfpr; nrd;whu;fs;. ,ijawpe;j F]a; mtu;fSf;F vjpuhfg; giliaj; jpul;b mtu;fs; kPJ Nghu; njhLj;jhu;. ,U gphptpdUf;FkpilNa kpff; fLikahd Nghu; %z;L ,Ujug;gpYk; ngUj;j capu;r; Nrjk; Vw;gl;lJ. xU topahf ,U jug;gpdUk; rkhjhd cld;gbf;if nra;Jnfhs;s Kd;te;jdu;. mt;Tld;gbf;iff;F gf;u; Nfhj;jpuj;ijr; Nru;e;j ‘a/Ku; ,g;D mt;/g;' vd;gtiuj; jiytuhf;fpdu;.

‘‘kf;fhit Ml;rp nra;aTk;> fmghit epu;tfpf;fTk; F[hM Nfhj;jpuj;jhiutpl F]a;k;f;Nf mjpf jFjp cz;L F]a;apdhy; Vw;gl;l midj;J nfhiyfSk; kd;dpf;fg;gl;lit mt;thNw F[hM kw;Wk; gf;u; Nfhj;jpuj;jpduhy; nfhy;yg;gl;ltu;fSf;F mtu;fs; e\;l<L toq;f Ntz;Lk;. fmghtpd; epu;thfj;ij F]a;aplk; xg;gilf;f Ntz;Lk;'' vd;W a/%u; jPu;g;gspj;jhu;. ,e;jj; jPu;g;gpd; fhuzkhf mtUf;F ‘\j;jhf; - mePjj;ijj; jfu;j;jtu;' vd;w Gidg;ngau; te;jJ. (,g;D `p\hk;)

Mf> F[hMtpdu; fmghit epu;tfpj;j fhyk; 300 Mz;LfshFk;. fp.gp. 5Mk; E}w;whz;bd; kj;jpapy; mjhtJ fp.gp. 440y; F]a; kf;fhitAk; fmghitAk; jd; fl;Lg;ghl;Lf;Ff; fPo; nfhz;Lte;jhu;. (/gj;`{y; ghhp)

,jd; fhuzkhf kf;fh efhpd; KO jiyikj;Jtk; F]a;k;f;Fk;> mtUf;Fg; gpd;du; Fiw\p Nfhj;jpuj;jhUf;Fk; fpilj;jJ. mugpa jPu;gfw;gj;jpd; gy gFjpfspypUe;J mugpau; jhprpf;f tUk; fmghtpd; kjj; jiytuhf F]a; tpsq;fpdhu;.

mjd;gpwF gy;NtW gFjpfspy; tho;e;J nfhz;bUe;j Fiw\p Nfhj;jpuj;jhiu kf;fhTf;F tutioj;J xt;nthU Fiw\p FLk;gj;Jf;Fk; ,lq;fisg; gphpj;Jf; nfhLj;J mtu;fsJ tho;f;if trjpfisf; F]a; Nkk;gLj;jpf; nfhLj;jhu;. mt;thNw MY ]/g;thd;> gD} mj;thd;> Ku;uh ,g;D mt;/g; Nghd;NwhUf;F mtu;fsplk; ,Ue;j nghWg;ig mtu;fSf;Nf toq;fpdhu;. Gdpj khjq;fis jq;fsJ trjpf;Nfw;g Kd;gpd;dhf khw;wpaikj;Jf; nfhs;Sk; tof;fj;ij mtUk; gpd;gw;wpdhu;. Vnddpy;> ,t;thwhd rlq;Ffs; midj;Jk; khw;wj;jfhj khu;f;f rlq;Ffs; vd mtu; ek;gpapUe;jhu;. (,g;D `p\hk;)

Fiw\pau;fSf;fhf fmghtpd; tlf;Fg; gFjpapy; ‘jhUe; ej;th' vDk; xU rq;fj;ij epWtpaJ F]a; nra;j ew;nray;fspy; xd;whff; fUjg;gl;lJ. mJ Fiw\pau;fs; xd;W Nru;e;J mtu;fspd; gpur;ridfis tpthjpj;Jj; jPu;T fhZkplkhfTk;> mtu;fspilNa xUq;fpizg;ig Vw;gLj;Jk; kd;wkhfTk; tpsq;fpajhy;> mtu;fSf;F kpFe;j gaDs;sjhf ,Ue;jJ. mjDila thry; fmghit Nehf;fp mike;jpUe;jJ. (,g;D `p\hk;> ,f;ghUy; fpuhk; gp mf;ghy; k];[pjpy; `uhk;)

F]a;apd; rhjidfs;

1) jhUe; ej;thtpd; jiyik

Fiw\pau;fs; jq;fSf;F epfOk; Kf;fpag; gpur;ridfs; Fwpj;J ,q;F jhd; MNyhrid elj;Jthu;fs;. NkYk;> jq;fspd; ngz; gps;isfSf;F ,jidj; jpUkz kz;lgkhf gad;gLj;jpdhu;fs;. ,e;j jhUe; ej;thtpd; jiytuhf F]a; tpsq;fpdhu;.

2) nfhb

gpw rKjhaj;Jld; Nghu; nra;tjhf ,Ue;jhy; mjw;fhd rpwpa my;yJ nghpanfhb> F]a; my;yJ mtuJ gps;isfspd; fuj;jpy; nfhLf;fg;gl;L jhUe; ej;thtpy; elg;gLk;.

3) topelj;Jjy;

kf;fhtpypUe;J tpahghuk; my;yJ NtW Nehf;fq;fSf;fhf ntspapy; nry;Yk; gazf; $l;lq;fSf;F F]a; my;yJ mtuJ gps;isfspy; xUtu; jiyik tfpg;ghu;.

4) fmghit epu;tfpj;jy;

fmghtpd; thapiyj; jpwg;gJ> %LtJ> guhkhpg;gJ> topghLfs; elj;JtJ midj;ijAk; F]a; Nkw;nfhs;thu;.

5) `h[pfspd; jhfk; jPu;j;jy;

njhl;bfspy; ePiu epug;gp mjpy; cyu;e;j jpuhl;ir kw;Wk; NguPj;jk; goq;fisg; Nghl;L Ritεl;b me;j kJukhd ePiu kf;fh tUgtu;fSf;F F]a; Fbf;f toq;Fthu;.

6) `h[pfSf;F tpUe;jspj;jy;

Fiw\pau;fsplk; `[;[{ila fhyq;fspy; thp t#ypj;J mjd;%yk; `h[pfSf;F F]a; tpUe;Njhk;gy; Ghpthu;. ,t;tpUe;jpy; trjpaw;w `[; gazpfs; fye;Jnfhs;thu;fs;. (,g;D `p\hk;> a/$gp)

,it midj;Jk; F]a;k;f;F mike;jpUe;j rpwg;GfshFk;. mtuJ gps;isfspy; mg;Jj;jhu; vd;gtu; %j;jtuhf ,Ue;jhu;. Mdhy;> mtiu tpl ,isatuhd mg;J kdh/g; kf;fspilNa kpFe;j nry;thf;Fk; khpahijAk; cilatuhfj; jpfo;e;jhu;. ,J mg;Jj;jhUf;F ntWg;ig Vw;gLj;jpaJ. ,jdhy; mg;Jj;jhiu F]a; mioj;J ‘‘kf;fs; cd;idtpl cdJ rNfhjuid vt;tsTjhd; cau;thf;fpdhYk; ehd; cd;idNa mtu;fSf;Fj; jiytuhf;FNtd;'' vd;W $wp jd;dplKs;s midj;J rpwg;GfisAk; nghWg;GfisAk; mg;Jj;jhUf;Nf juNtz;Lnkd capy; vOjpdhu;. F]a;apd; ve;j KbTf;Fk; kf;fs; khWnra;a khl;lhu;fs;. mtu; thOk;NghJk;> kuzj;Jf;Fg; gpd;Dk; mtuJ fl;lisiag; gpd;gw;WtNj khu;f;fk; vd midtUk; fUjpdu;.

mtuJ kuzj;jpw;Fg; gpd; mtuJ gps;isfs; je;ij nra;j kuzNeu fl;lisg;gb vt;tpj fUj;J NtWghLkpd;wp nghWg;Gfis epiwNtw;wpdu;. mg;J kdh/gpd; kuzj;jpw;Fg; gpwF mtuJ gps;isfs; jq;fspd; je;ijapd; rNfhjuu; mg;Jj; jhUila gps;isfSld; Nkw;$wg;gl;l nghWg;Gfis ngWtjpy; rr;ruT nra;jdu;. ,jdhy; Fiw\pau;fs; ,uz;lhfg; gphpe;J rz;ilf;F Maj;jkhapdu;. vdpDk;> Nghiuj; jtpu;j;J rkhjhdk; nra;Jnfhs;s midtUk; tpUk;gp jq;fSf;Fs; me;j nghWg;Gfisg; gphpj;Jf; nfhz;ldu;. `h[pfSf;F ePu; Gfl;LtJ> mtu;fSf;F tpUe;jspg;gJ kw;Wk; gazk; nry;Yk; FOtpdUf;F jiyik tfpg;gJ vd %d;W nghWg;Gfs; mg;J kdh/gpd; kf;fSf;Ff; fpl;bd. jhUe; ej;thtpw;F jiyik tfpg;gJ> nfhb gpbg;gJ kw;Wk; fmghit guhkhpg;gJ Mfpa nghWg;Gfs; mg;Jj;jhUila kf;fSf;Ff; fpilj;jd.

jhUe; ej;thtpd; jiyikj;Jtk; kl;Lk; ,U gphptpdUf;Fk; nghJthf ,Ue;jJ vd;Wk; rpyu; $Wfpd;wdu;.

gpwF mg;J kdh/Gila kf;fs; rPl;L FYf;fpg; Nghl;L jq;fSf;Ff; fpilj;j nghWg;Gfis jq;fs; FLk;gq;fSf;Fs; gfpu;e;J nfhz;ldu;. mjd; mbg;gilapy; `h[pfSf;F ePu; Gfl;Ljy; kw;Wk; mtu;fSf;F tpUe;jspf;Fk; nghWg;Gfs; `h\pKf;F fpilj;jd. tpahghuf; FOtpdUf;Fj; jiyik tfpf;Fk; nghWg;G mg;J \k;]{f;F fpl;baJ. `h\pk; jdJ nghWg;Gfis tho;ehs; KOtJk; rpwg;ghf epiwNtw;wpdhu;. mtuJ kuzj;jpw;Fg; gpd; mtuJ rNfhjuu; Kj;jypg; ,g;D mg;J kdh/g; nghWg;Ngw;whu;. Kj;jypgpd; kuzj;jpw;Fg; gpwF `h\pKila kfd; mg;Jy; Kj;jypg; nghWg;Ngw;whu;. ,e;j mg;Jy; Kj;jypg; jhd; egp (]y;) mtu;fspd; ghl;ldhu; Mthu;. mg;Jy; Kj;jypgpd; kuzj;jpw;Fg; gpwF mtuJ gps;isfs; nghWg;Gfis epiwNtw;wpdu;. ,Wjpapy; kf;fh> K];ypk;fspd; fl;Lg;ghl;by; te;jNghJ mg;gh]; (uop) mtu;fSf;F mg;nghWg;Gfs; fpl;bd.

rpyu;> F]a;jhd; jdJ gps;isfSf;fpilapy; nghWg;Gfis gq;fpl;Lf; nfhLj;jhu;. me;j mbg;gilapNyNa mg;nghWg;Gfis mtuJ gps;isfs; epiwNtw;wp te;jdu; vd;W $Wfpd;wdu;. cz;ik epiyia my;yh`;Nt mwpe;jtd;. (,g;D `p\hk;)

Fiw\pfs; jq;fspilNa gq;fpl;Lf; nfhz;l Nkw;$wg;gl;l nghWg;GfSld; NtW rpy gjtpfisAk; cUthf;fp> mtw;iwj; jq;fSf;fpilNa gq;fpl;L xU rpwpa murhq;fj;ij epWtpf;nfhz;ldu;. mJ ,d;iwa [dehaf muR> Nju;jy;> ghuhSkd;wk; Mfpa eilKiwfSf;F xj;jpUe;jJ. mtu;fs; tfpj;j gjtpfs; gpd;tUkhW:

1) ew;Fwp> Jw;Fwp (rh];j;jpuq;fs;> rFdq;fs;) ghu;g;gJk;> mDkjp ngWtJk;> rpiyfSf;F Kd;dhy; itf;fg;gl;bUf;Fk; mk;Gfisf; nfhz;L Fwp nrhy;Yk; mjpfhuKk; [{k`; FLk;gj;jhUf;F ,Ue;jd.

2) rpiyfSf;F mspf;fg;gLk; fhzpf;iffs; kw;Wk; Neu;r;irfisg; ngw;W ghJfhj;J guhkhpj;jy;; rz;il> rr;ruTfs; kpf;f tof;Ffspy; jPu;g;G nrhy;tJ Mfpa ,U nghWg;GfSk; ]`;k; FLk;gj;jhUf;F ,Ue;jd.

3) m]j; FLk;gj;jhUf;F> MNyhrid $Wk; nghWg;G!

4) ijk; FLk;gj;jhUf;F> mguhjk; kw;Wk; jz;lg; ghpfhuk; toq;Fk; nghWg;G!

5) cka;ah FLk;gj;jhUf;F> rKjhaf;nfhb Ve;jpr; nry;Yk; nghWg;G!

6) kf;[_k; FLk;gj;jhUf;F> uhZtq;fisAk; mjw;Fj; Njitahd FjpiufisAk; epu;tfpf;Fk; nghWg;G!

7) mjP FLk;gj;jhUf;F> J}J nfhz;L nry;Yk; nghWg;G! (,g;D `p\hk;)

c) Vida mugpau;fspd; Ml;rp mjpfhuk;

f`;jhdpau;> mj;dhdpau; ehL Jwe;jijAk; mtu;fs; muG ehLfis jq;fSf;fpilapy; gphpj;Jf; nfhz;lijAk; Kd;G fz;Nlhk;. ,tu;fspy; `Puh ehl;Lf;F mUfpypUe;jtu;fs; `Puhtpd; mugpa kd;dUf;F fl;Lg;gl;L tho;e;jdu;. \hk; ehl;by; trpj;jtu;fs; f];]hdpa muru;fSf;Ff; fl;Lg;gl;L tho;e;jdu;. vdpDk;> fl;Lg;ghL vd;gJ ntWk; ngaustpy;jhd; ,Ue;jJ. ,t;tpuz;ilj; jtpu jPgfw;gj;jpd; Vida fpuhkg; gFjpfspy; tho;e;jtu;fs; KOr; Rje;jpuk; ngw;wtu;fshf vtUf;Fk; fl;Lg;glhky; tho;e;J te;jdu;.

,e;j ,uz;L Nfhj;jpuj;ijr; Nru;e;jtu;fSk; jq;fSf;nfdj; jiytu;fisj; Nju;e;njLj;Jf; nfhz;ldu;. xt;nthU Nfhj;jpuKk; xU rpwpa murhq;fj;ijg; Nghd;W ,Ue;jJ. FyntwpAk;> jq;fsJ Mjpf;fg; gFjpfis vjphpfsplkpUe;J ghJfhg;gJk; ,tu;fsJ murpay; mbg;gil Nehf;fkhf ,Ue;jJ.

muru;fSf;F ,izahf Nfhj;jpuj; jiytu;fSf;F kjpg;G ,Ue;jJ. rz;ilapLtjpYk;> rkhjhdk; nra;J nfhs;tjpYk; kf;fs; jq;fsJ jiytu;fspd; Kbit vt;tpjj; jaf;fKkpd;wp Vw;W te;jdu;. jiytu;fspd; cj;juTk; mjpfhuKk; Nguuru;fspd; cj;juTf;Fk; mjpfhuj;Jf;Fk; xj;jpUe;jJ. mtu; VNjDk; xU rKjhaj;jpdu; kPJ Nfhgk; nfhz;lhy; vt;tpj Nfs;tpAkpd;wp Mapuf;fzf;fhd ths;fs; me;j rKjhaj;jpdUf;F vjpuhf cau;j;jg;gLk;. vdpDk;> mtu;fs; jiyikf;fhf jq;fsJ je;ijAila rNfhjuu;fspd; (je;ijapd; cld;gpwe;jhu;) gps;isfsplNk Nghl;bapl;Lf; nfhz;ldu;. ,jd; tpisthf kf;fspilNa Gfo;ngWk; Nehf;fpy; nrytpLjy;> tpUe;jpdiu cgrhpj;jy;> ju;k rpe;jidAlDk; tpNtfj;JlDk; ele;Jnfhs;Sjy;> vjphpfsplk; tPuj;ijAk; typikiaAk; ntspg;gLj;Jjy; Nghd;witf;F kpFe;j Kf;fpaj;Jtk; mspj;J te;jdu;. mt;thNw mf;fhyj;jpy; r%fq;fspd; gpujpepjpfshfj; jpfo;e;j ftpQu;fsplk; Gfiog; ngw;W Nghl;bahsu;fspilNa jq;fsJ kjpg;ig cau;j;jpf;nfhs;s nghpJk; Kad;wdu;.

jiytu;fSf;nfd rpy rpwg;G chpikfs; ,Ue;jd. mtu;fs; kpu;gh/> ]/gpa;> e\Pj;jh> /G*y; vd;w ngau;fspy; kf;fsJ nry;tq;fis mDgtpj;J te;jdu;.

,JFwpj;J xU ftpQu; $Wfpwhu;:

‘‘vkJ ntw;wpg; nghUspy; fhy; gq;Fk;> eP tpUk;gp vLj;Jf; nfhz;lJk;> topapy; fpilj;j nghUSk;> gq;fpl Kbahj kpQ;rpa nghUSk; cdf;Nf nrhe;jkhdJ. vq;fspy; cdJ mjpfhuNk nry;YgbahdJ.''

kpu;gh/: ,J Nghhpy; fpilf;Fk; ntw;wpg; nghUspy; ehd;fpy; xU gFjp.

]/gpa;: ntw;wpg; nghUis (fdPkj;) gq;fPL nra;tjw;F Kd;> jiytu;fs; jq;fSf;F tpUg;gkhdij vLj;Jf; nfhs;tJ.

e\Pj;jh: ,J NghUf;Fr; nry;Yk; topapy; jiytUf;Ff; fpilf;Fk; nghUs;fs;.

/G*y;: ,J ntw;wpg; nghUspy; gq;fPL nra;a ,ayhj tifapy; kPjkhFk; nghUs;fs;. xl;liffs;> Fjpiufs; Nghd;W!

murpay; gpd;dzp

mugpa muru;fisg; gw;wp myrpa ehk; mtu;fsJ murpay; gpd;dzpfisg; gw;wpAk; myRtJ mtrpak;! mugpa jPgfw;gj;jpy; me;epa ehLfSld; xl;bapUe;j %d;W vy;iy gFjpfspYk; murpay; epiyik kpfTk; jiyfPohf ,Ue;jJ. mk;kf;fspy; rpyu; mbikfshfTk;> rpyu; Rje;jpukhdtu;fshfTk; ,Ue;jhu;fs;. jiytu;fshf ,Ue;j me;epau;fs; nry;tq;fs; midj;jpw;Fk; chpik nfhz;lhbdu;. Rikfs; midj;ijAk; Fbkf;fs; kPJ Rkj;jpdu;. RUq;ff; $wpd; Fbkf;fs; jq;fsJ murhq;fj;jpw;F tptrha epyq;fisg; Nghd;wpUe;jdu;. murhq;fj;jpw;F gzp nra;tJk; gadspg;gJNk mtu;fsJ flikahf ,Ue;jJ. muru;fs; jq;fsJ Mrhghrk;> ghtk;> mePjk; Nghd;w jPa nray;fSf;F kf;fisg; gad;gLj;jpdu;. Fbkf;fSf;F ehyhjpirfspy; ,Ue;Jk; mePjp ,iof;fg;gl;lJ. mtu;fs; jq;fsJ mwpahikahy; nra;tjwpahJ epiyjLkhwp epd;wdu;. vthplKk; KiwapLtjw;Ff; $l typikaw;W jq;fs; kPJ ,iof;fg;gLk; mePjq;fis rfpf;f Ntz;ba fl;lhaj;jpy; ,Ue;jdu;. mf;fhy murhq;fk; xU ru;thjpfhukhfNt ,Ue;jJ. kf;fspd; chpikfs; midj;Jk; Gwf;fzpf;fg;gl;ld; ghohf;fg;gl;ld.

,e;jg; gFjpfSf;F mUfpy; tho;e;j kf;fSk; jLkhw;wj;jpy; ,Ue;jdu;. mtu;fs; rpy rkak; ,uhf; thrpfSlDk;> rpy rkak; \hk; thrpfSlDk; Nru;e;J nfhs;thu;fs;.

mugpa jPgfw;gj;jpd; cl;gFjpapy; trpj;Jf; nfhz;bUe;j Nfhj;jpuj;jhUk; xw;Wikapd;wp gphpe;J tho;e;J te;jdu;. mtu;fspilNa rka kw;Wk; ,d uPjpahd Nkhjy;fSk;> rr;ruTfSk; kpifj;jpUe;jd. mijg; gw;wp mtu;fspy; xU ftpQu; $Wfpwhu;:

‘‘ehd; $l f[pa;ah Fyj;jtNd! f[pa;ah topnfl;lhy;...

ehDk; topnfLNtd;. mtu;fs; Neu;top elg;gpd; ehDk; Neu;top elg;Ngd;.''

mtu;fis top elj;Jtjw;Nfh> rpukkhd fhyq;fspy; MNyhrid $wp cjtp nra;tjw;Nfh mtu;fSf;nfd Ml;rpahsu; ahUk; ,Uf;ftpy;iy.

mNj Neuj;jpy; `p [h]; gFjpapd; Ml;rpahsu;fis kf;fs; kpFe;j fz;zpaj;Jld; Nehf;fpdu;. mtu;fisNa jq;fsJ rka kw;Wk; r%f topfhl;bfshff; fUjpdu;. cz;ikapy; `p [h]; gFjp murhq;fk; mf;fhyj;jpy; rka kw;Wk; r%f topfhl;bahf ,Ue;jJ. me;j Ml;rpahsu;fs; Vida mugpau;fis rkaj;jpd; ngauhy; Mz;L te;jdu;. ,iwapy;yk; fmghitAk;> mq;F tUgtu;fspd; NjitfisAk; mtu;fNs epu;tfpj;J te;jjhy; mg;gFjp midj;jpYk; jq;fsJ Mjpf;fj;ij nrYj;jp te;jdu;. egp ,g;wh`Pk; (miy) mtu;fspd; khu;f;fj;ij mky;gLj;jp te;jdu;. ,d;iwa fhyj;ijg; Nghd;W jq;fsJ Ml;rpahsu;fis jhq;fshfNt Nju;e;njLf;Fk; toikia mtu;fs; nfhz;bUe;jdu;. vdpDk; gpur;ridfis rkhspf;f Kbahj msT gytPdkhdjhfNt mtu;fsJ ml;rp ,Ue;jJ. `g\pfs; njhLj;j Nghhpy; ,tu;fs; gytPdkhdjpypUe;J ,ij njhpe;J nfhs;syhk;.

 

mugpau;fspd; rka newpfs;

egp ,g;wh`Pk; (miy) mtu;fspd; re;jjpapdu; kf;fhtpy; FbNawp mugpa jPgfw;gk; KOtjpYk; gutpa fhyk;njhl;L mugpau;fspy; ngUk;ghNyhu; ,g;wh`Pk; (miy) mtu;fspd; khu;f;fj;ijNa gpd;gw;wp tho;e;jdu;. my;yh`;it kl;LNk tzq;fp mtdhy; mq;fPff;fg;gl;l khu;f;fj;ij KOikahff; filgpbj;J te;jdu;. fhyq;fs; nry;yr; nry;y my;yh`;tpd; topfhl;ly;fisAk; NghjidfisAk; rpwpJ rpwpjhf kwf;f Muk;gpj;jdu;. vdpDk;> mtu;fspilNa Xhpiwf; nfhs;ifAk; khu;f;fj;jpd; cau;e;j newpfSk; XusT epiyj;jpUe;jd. F[hM Nfhj;jpuj;jpd; jiytdhd mk;U ,g;D Y`a; rka rk;ge;jg;gl;l nray;fspy; kpFe;j Mu;tk; nfhz;ltdhf ,Ue;jhd;. kf;fSf;fpilapy; ew;nray;fis gug;gp> jhd ju;kq;fs; nra;J te;jhd;. vdNt> kf;fs; nghpJk; kjpj;J mtid Xu; ,iwNeruhff; fUjpdu;.

mtd; xUKiw \hk; ehl;Lf;Fr; nrd;whd;. mq;F kf;fs; rpiyfis tzq;fpf; nfhz;bUe;jdu;. mtu;fspd; ,e;j rpiy tzf;f topghL mtidg; nghpJk; ftu;e;jJ. \hk; ehL> egpkhu;fs; kw;Wk; Ntjq;fs; mUsg;gl;l gFjpahf ,Ue;jjhy; me;jr; rpiy tzf;fKk; cz;ikahd xd;whfj;jhd; ,Uf;Fk; vd mtd; vz;zpdhd;. vdNt> mtd; kf;fh jpUk;gpaNghJ ‘`{Gy;' vd;w rpiyiaf; nfhz;L te;J fmghtpd; eLtpy; mij itj;J tpl;lhd;. me;jr; rpiyiaf; flTshf Vw;W my;yh`;Tf;F ,izitf;FkhW kf;fhthrpfSf;F miog;G tpLj;jhd;. mtu;fSk; mij Vw;W my;yh`;Tf;F ,iz itj;jdu;. kf;fhthrpfs; ,iw ,y;yk; fmghit epu;tfpg;gtu;fshfTk;> Gdpj efukhd kf;fhtpy; trpg;gtu;fshf ,Ug;gjhYk; mtu;fisNa jq;fsJ Kd;Ndhbfshf vLj;Jf; nfhz;L `p [h]; gFjpapd; Vida kf;fSk; rpiy topghl;by; mtu;fisg; gpd;gw;wpdu;.

‘`{Gy;' vd;gJ nre;epwf; fy;ypy; kdpj cUthfr; nrJf;fg;gl;l xU rpiy! mjd; tyJ fuk; cile;jpUe;jJ. mjw;F Fiw\pfs; jq;fj;jpdhy; if nra;J mzptpj;jdu;. ,Jjhd; kf;fh ,izitg;ghsu;fspd; Kjy; rpiyahFk;. ,ij kpFe;j kfj;Jtkpf;fjhfTk; Gdpjkpf;fjhfTk; Fiw\pfs; fUjpdu;. (fpjhGy; m];dhk;)

`{Gy; kl;Lkpd;wp> kdhj; vd;gJk; mtu;fspd; goq;fhy rpiyfspy; xd;whFk;. mJ nrq;flypd; Xuj;jpy; mike;Js;s ‘Fijj;' vd;w efhpd; mUfhikapYs;s ‘K\y;yy;' vd;w ,lj;jpy; mikf;fg;gl;bUe;jJ. (K\y;yy; vd;gJ xU kiyNkL mjd; mbthuj;jpy; Fijj; cs;sJ - ]`P`{y; Gfhhp) ,ij `{ijy; kw;Wk; F[hM Nfhj;jpuj;jpdu; tzq;fp te;jdu;.

jhap/g; efuj;jpy; ‘yhj;' vDk; rpiyia ]fP/g; Nfhj;jpuj;jpdu; tzq;fp te;jdu;. (fpjhGy; m];dhk;)

‘jhj;j ,u;f;' vd;w efhpd; ‘ef;yh \hkpa;ah' vd;w gs;sj;jhf;fpy; ‘c[;[h' vd;w rpiy ,Ue;jJ. ,ij Fiw\p> fpdhdh kw;Wk; gy Nfhj;jpuj;jpdu; tzq;fp te;jdu;. (fpjhGy; m];dhk;)

,k;%d;W rpiyfSk; mugpau;fsplk; kpfg; nghpa kjpg;Gkpf;f rpiyfshf ,Ue;jd. ,Jkl;Lkpd;wp mtu;fspilNa \pu;f; (,izitj;jy;) mjpfhpf;f mjpfhpf;f xt;nthU ChpYk; rpiyfspd; vz;zpf;ifAk; mjpfj;jd.

mk;U ,g;D Y`a;k;f;F jfty; nfhLf;Fk; xU [pd; ,Ue;jJ. mJ mtdplk; egp E}`; (miy) mtu;fspd; fhyj;J rpiyfshd tj;> ]{th/> a$];> e];u; Nghd;wit [pj;jh efuj;jpy; Gije;jpUf;fpd;wd vd;W $wpaJ. mtd; [pj;jh te;J me;j rpiyfisj; Njhz;bnaLj;J kf;fhtpw;Ff; nfhz;L te;jhd;. `[;[{ila fhyj;jpy; fmghit jhprpf;f te;jpUe;j gy;NtW Nfhj;jpuj;jpdUf;Fg; gphpj;Jf; nfhLj;jhd;. mtu;fs; mtw;iw jq;fsJ gFjpfSf;F vLj;Jr; nrd;W tzq;f Muk;gpj;jdu; vd;W rpyu; $Wfpd;wdu;.

‘tj;' rpiyia ,uhf; ehl;Lf;F mUfpYs;s ‘jt;kJy; [e;jy;' vd;w gFjpapYs;s ‘[u;\;' vd;w ,lj;jpy; fy;G Nfhj;jpuj;jpdu; tzq;fp te;jdu;.

‘]{th/' rpiyia `p[h[; gFjpapd; kf;fh efuUfpy; ‘U`hj;' vd;w ,lj;jpy; `{ijy; ,g;D Kj;fh vd;w Nfhj;jpuj;jpdu; tzq;fp te;jdu;.

‘a$];' rpiyia ]gh gFjpapy; ‘[{u;/g;' vd;w ,lj;jpy; KuhJ tkprj;jpd; $ij/g; vd;w Nfhj;jpuj;jpdu; tzq;fp te;jdu;.

‘aCf;' rpiyia akd; ehl;by; ‘fa;thd;' vd;w Chpy; `k;jhd; Nfhj;jpuj;jpdu; tzq;fp te;jdu;.

‘e];u;' rpiyia jpy; fpyh Nfhj;jpuj;ijr; Nru;e;j `pk;au; FLk;gj;jpdu; jq;fsJ Chpy; itj;J tzq;fp te;jdu;. (]`P`{y; Gfhhp> /gj;`{y; ghhp> fpjhGy; m];dhk;)

,e;j rpiyfSf;nfd gpukhz;lkhd Myaq;fis mikj;jdu;. ,iwapy;ykhd fmghit fz;zpag;gLj;jpaijg; Nghd;W me;j Myaq;fisAk; fz;zpag;gLj;jpdu;. me;j Myaq;fSf;F g+rhhpfSk; gzpahsu;fSk; ,Ue;jdu;. fmghtpw;Ff; fhzpf;if mspj;jijg; Nghd;W me;j Myaq;fSf;Fk; fhzpf;if nrYj;jp te;jdu;. mj;Jld; midj;ijAk; tpl fmghNt kpf cau;thdJ vd;gijAk; xg;Gf;nfhs;sNt nra;jdu;. (,g;D `p\hk;)

,d;Dk; gy Nfhj;jpuj;jhUk; ,Nj topiag; gpd;gw;wp rpiyfisf; flTs;fshf Vw;W mtw;Wf;nfd Myaq;fis cUthf;fpdhu;fs;. mtw;wpy; ‘Jy; fy]h' vd;w rpiyia jt;];> f\;mk; kw;Wk; Gi[yh Nfhj;jpuj;jhu; akd; ehl;by; cs;s ‘jghyh' vd;w Chpy; tzq;fp te;jdu;.

‘/gpy;];' vd;w rpiyia ‘ja;' Nfhj;jpuj;jhUk; mtu;fis xl;b ]y;kh> m[h vd;w ,U kiyfSf;fpilapy; trpj;J te;jtu;fSk; tzq;fp te;jdu;. ,ijj; jtpu;j;J mtu;fSf;F NkYk; gy Nfhapy;fs; ,Ue;jd. akd; kw;Wk; `pk;au;thrpfs; ‘hpahk;' vd;w NfhapiyAk; ugpM Nfhj;jpuj;jpdu; ‘uoh' vd;w xU NfhapiyAk; itj;jpUe;jdu;. NkYk; gf;u;> jf;ypg; Nfhj;jpuj;jhu; jq;fSf;nfd rpW Nfhapy;fisAk; ‘]d;jhj;' vd;w efhpy; ,ahj; tkprj;jtu;fs; jq;fSf;nfd rpW Nfhapy;fisAk; Vw;gLj;jpapUe;jdu;. (,g;D `p\hk;)

NkYk; jt;]; Nfhj;jpuj;jhUf;F ‘Jy; f/g;/igd;' vd;w rpiy ,Ue;jJ. fpdhdhtpd; kf;fshd khypf;> kypfhd; kw;Wk; gf;Uf;F ‘]/J' vDk; rpiyAk;> cj;uhTf;F ‘\k;];' vd;w rpiyAk; ft;yhDf;F ‘ck;ahdp];' vDk; rpiyAk; Fynja;tq;fshf tpsq;fpd. (,g;D ap\hk;)

,t;thW mugpa jPgfw;gj;jpd; gy gFjpfSf;Fk; rpiy tzf;ff; fyhr;rhuk; gutpaJ. Kjypy; xt;nthU Nfhj;jpuj;jhUf;Fk; gpwF xt;nthU tPl;bw;Fnkd jdpj;jdpr; rpiyfs; ,Ue;jd. rq;ifkpf;f fmghitAk; rpiyfshy; epug;gpdu;. egp (]y;) mtu;fs; kf;fhit ntw;wp nfhz;lNghJ fmghitr; Rw;wpYk; 360 rpiyfs; ,Ue;jd. egp (]y;) mtu;fs; jq;fsJ fuj;jpypUe;j jbahy; mitfisf; Fj;jp fPNo js;spdhu;fs;. gpd;du; egp (]y;) mtu;fspd; cj;jutpd;gb mitfs; fmghtpypUe;J ntspNaw;wg;gl;L vhpf;fg;gl;ld. NkYk;> fmghtpd; cl;Gwj;jpy; rpiyfSk; cUtg;glq;fSk; ,Ue;jd. mtw;wpy; egp ,g;wh`Pk; (miy) kw;Wk; egp ,];khaPy; (miy) mtu;fs; jq;fsJ fuq;fspy; mk;Gfisg; gw;wpathW ,Ug;gJNghd;w cUtg; glq;fs; mikf;fg;gl;bUe;jd. ,it midj;Jk; Gdpj fmghtpypUe;J ePf;fp mopf;fg;gl;ld. (]`P`{y; Gfhhp)

kf;fs; ,JNghd;w topNfl;by; ePbj;J te;jhu;fs;. mJgw;wp mg+ u[h cjhjP (uop) mtu;fs; $Wfpwhu;fs;: ‘‘ehq;fs; fw;fis tzq;fp te;Njhk;. ehq;fs; tzq;Fk; fy;iytpl mofpa fy;iyf; fz;lhy; ifapypUg;gij J}f;fp vwpe;Jtpl;L Gjpaij vLj;J tzq;FNthk;. vq;fSf;F tzq;Ftjw;fhd fy; fpilf;ftpy;iynadpy; kz;izf; Ftpayhf;fp mjd;Nky; Ml;bd; ghiyf;fwe;J mij tyk; tUNthk;.'' (]`P`{y; Gfhhp)

Mf> ,iz itj;jYk;> rpiy tzf;fKk; me;j mwpahikf; fhyj;jpy; kpf cahpa newpahfg; gpd;gw;wg;gl;lJ. mj;Jld; mtu;fs; jhq;fs; egp ,g;wh`Pk; (miy) mtu;fspd; khu;f;fj;ij KOikahf gpd;gw;wp elg;gjhfTk; vz;zpf;nfhz;ldu;.

mtu;fspilNa rpiytzf;fk; kw;Wk; ,izitj;jy; cUthdjw;fhd mbg;gil vd;dntdpy; mtu;fs; kyf;FfisAk;> u]_y;khu;fisAk;> egpkhu;fisAk;> my;yh`;tpd; ey;ybahu;fisAk;> ,iwNeru;fisAk; my;yh`;Tf;F kpf neUq;fpatu;fs;; mtdplk; kpFe;j me;j];Jk; nfsutKk; ngw;wtu;fs; vdf; fUjpdu;. mtu;fsplkpUe;J gy;NtW mw;Gjq;fs; ntspg;gl;lijf; fz;l mk;kf;fs; jdf;F kl;LNk chpj;jhd rpy Mw;wy;fis my;yh`; me;j rhd;Nwhu;fSf;Fk; mUspAs;shd; vd;Wk; ek;gpdu;. mr;rhd;Nwhu;fs; ,j;jifa Mw;wy;fshYk; jq;fSf;F my;yh`;tplKs;s fz;zpaj;jpdhYk; my;yh`;Tf;Fk; mtdJ mbahu;fSf;FkpilNa eLtu;fshf ,Uf;fj; jFjp ngw;wtu;fs;; ahUf;Fk; vijAk; my;yh`;tplk; Neubahf Nfl;Lg; ngwj; jFjpapy;iy ,r;rhd;Nwhu; %ykhfNt my;yh`;it mZf KbAk;; mtu;fNs my;yh`;tplk; rpghhpR nra;thu;fs;; mtu;fsJ me;j];ijf; fUj;jpw;nfhz;L my;yh`; mtu;fsJ rpghhpRfisf; fz;bg;ghf Vw;Wf;nfhs;thd;; mtu;fs; %ykhfNt my;yh`;it tzq;f Ntz;Lk;; mtu;fs;jhd; my;yh`;tplk; mbahu;fis kpf neUf;fkhf;fpitf;Fk; Mw;wy; ngw;wtu;fs; vd;Wk; vz;zpdhu;fs;.

,e;j vz;zk; ehsiltpy; cWjpahd ek;gpf;ifahf tYg;ngw;wJ. mtu;fisj; jq;fsJ ghJfhtyu;fshff; fUjp my;yh`;Tf;Fk; jq;fSf;FkpilNa eLtu;fshf;fpf; nfhz;ldu;. mtu;fsJ Nerj;ijg; ngw;Wj; jUk; topKiwfnsd jhq;fs; fUjpa midj;ijAk; nfhz;L mtu;fsplk; neUf;fj;ij Vw;gLj;jpf;nfhs;s Kaw;rpj;jdu;. mr;rhd;Nwhu;fSf;fhf mtu;fspd; cUtg;glq;fisAk; rpiyfisAk; cUthf;fpdu;. mtw;Ws; rpy cz;ikaha; cUtg;glq;fshf ,Ue;jd. rpy cUtg; glq;fis jq;fsJ fw;gidf;F Vw;wthW tiue;jdu;. ,e;j cUtg; glq;fSf;Fk; rpiyfSf;Fk; mugp nkhopapy; ‘m];dhk;' vd;W $wg;gLk;.

rpyu; rhd;Nwhu;fSf;nfd cUtg; glq;fs;> rpj;jpuq;fs; vijAk; tiuahky; mtu;fsJ mlf;fj;jyq;fisAk; mtu;fs; trpj;j> Xa;ntLj;j> jq;fpa ,lq;fisAk; Gdpj ];jyq;fshf Vw;gLj;jpf; nfhz;ldu;. me;j ];jyq;fSf;Ff; fhzpf;iffisAk; Neu;r;irfisAk; rku;g;gpj;jdu;. NkYk;> mt;tplq;fspy; gzpTlDk; khpahijAlDk; ele;J gy fphpiafisr; nra;jdu;. ,t;thwhd ,lq;fSf;Fk; rkhjpfSf;Fk; mugpapy; ‘mt;]hd;' vd;W $wg;gLk;.

mtu;fs; m];dhk; kw;Wk; mt;]hd;fSf;Fr; nra;J te;j rlq;Ffspy; ngUk;ghyhdtw;iw mk;U ,g;D Y`a;k; jhd; cUthf;fpj; je;jhd;. mtd; cUthf;fpj; je;j midj;Jk; ‘‘mofpa mD\;lhdq;fs; (gpj;mj; `]dh)'' vdTk;> mit ,g;wh`Pk; (miy) mtu;fsJ khu;f;fj;jpw;F vt;tifapYk; Kuzhdjy;y vdTk; mk;kf;fs; ek;gpdu;.

mtu;fs; mt;]hd; kw;Wk; m];dhk; Mfpatw;iw tzq;fpa KiwfshtJ:

1) mr;rpiyfis tzq;fp topghLfs; nra;J mtw;wplk; mgak; Njbdu;. jq;fsJ neUf;fbahd fhyf;fl;lj;jpy; ghJfhtYf;fhf mjidg; ngau; $wp mioj;jdu;. mit my;yh`;tplk; rpghhpR nra;J jq;fsJ Njitfis epiwNtw;wpf; nfhLf;Fk; vd;w ek;gpf;ifapy; ,t;thW Ntz;b te;jdu;.

2) mtw;iw ehb gazpj;jdu;; tyk; Rw;wp te;jdu;; gzpit fhl;b mtw;wpd; Kd; rpuk; gzpe;jdu;.

3) mtw;Wf;F jq;fsJ Neu;r;irfis epiwNtw;wpdu;. mr;rpiyfSf;F Kd; mikf;fg;gl;l gyp gPlq;fspy; jq;fsJ gpuhzpfis mWj;J gyp nfhLj;jdu;. vq;F gpuhzpfis mWj;jhYk; mr;rpiyfspd; ngau; $wpNa mWj;jdu;.

mtu;fspd; ,e;j ,Utif capu;g;gypfisg; gw;wp my;yh`; Fwpg;gpLfpwhd;:

... (g+i[ nra;tjw;fhf) epakpf;fg;gl;litfspy; mWf;fg;gl;litfSk; cq;fSf;F tpyf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. (my;Fu;Md; 5 : 3)

(ek;gpf;ifahsu;fNs! mWf;Fk;NghJ) my;yh`;Tila ngau; $wg;glhjtw;iw ePq;fs; Grpf;fhjPu;fs;. epr;rakhf mJ ngUk; ghtkhFk;. (my;Fu;Md; 6 : 121)

4) mtu;fs; mr;rpiyfSf;F nrYj;jpa tzf;f topghLfspy; xd;W ‘‘jq;fspd; fw;gidf;F jFe;jthW czT> Fbghdk; Mfpatw;wpy; rpytw;iw mr;rpiyfSf;fhf xJf;fp itj;J tpLthu;fs;. mt;thNw jq;fsJ Ntshz;ik kw;Wk; fhy;eilfspy; rpytw;iw mr;rpiyfSf;fhf xJf;fp tpLthu;fs;. ,jpy; xU Ntbf;if vd;dntdpy;> my;yh`;Tf;fhfTk; rpytw;iw xJf;Fthu;fs;. gpwF gy fhuzq;fisf; $wp mit midj;ijAk; rpiyfSf;Nf nfhLj;J tpLthu;fs;. Mdhy;> rpiyfSf;fhf xJf;fpatw;wpy; vijAk; my;yh`;Tf;nfd;W vLf;f khl;lhu;fs;. ,ijg; gw;wpNa my;yh`; gpd;tUk; trdj;jpy; Fwpg;gpLfpd;whd;:

tptrhak;> ML> khL> xl;lfk; Nghd;w my;yh`; cw;gj;jp nra;gtw;wpy; xU ghfj;ij jq;fs; tpUg;gg;gb Fwpg;gpl;L ‘‘,J my;yh`;Tf;F vd;Wk; (kw;nwhU ghfj;ij) ,J vq;fSila nja;tq;fSf;F'' vd;Wk; $Wfpd;wdu;. mtu;fs; jq;fs; nja;tq;fSf;nfd Fwpg;gpl;l ghfj;jpy; vJTk; my;yh`;Tf;Fr; NrUtjpy;iy. vdpDk;> my;yh`;Tf;nfd Fwpg;gpl;lit (ey;yitahapUe;jhy;) mtu;fSila nja;tq;fSf;Nf Nru;e;J tpLfpd;wd! mtu;fs; nra;Ak; ,j;jPu;khdk; kpff; nfl;lJ. (my;Fu;Md; 6 : 136)

5) jq;fspd; tptrhaq;fs; kw;Wk; fhy;eilfspy; rpytw;iw me;j rpiyfSf;fhf Neu;r;ir nra;jdu;. ,ijg; gw;wp gpd;tUk; trdj;jpy; my;yh`; Fwpg;gpLfpd;whd;:

(md;wp mtu;fs; jq;fs;) ML> khL> xl;lfk; Mfpatw;wpYk;> tptrhaj;jpYk; (rpytw;iwf; Fwpg;gpl;L) ‘‘,J jLf;fg;gl;bUf;fpwJ. vq;fs; nfhs;ifg;gb ehq;fs; tpUk;Gfpw (GNuhfpju;fs;> FUkhu;fs; Mfpa) tu;fisj; jtpu (kw;nwtUk;) mjidg; Grpf;ff;$lhJ'' vd;W (jq;fs; %lf; nfhs;ifapd;gb) mtu;fs; $Wfpd;wdu;. jtpu> mt;thNw NtW rpy) ML> khL> xl;lfq;fspd; KJFfs; jLf;fg;gl;bUf;fpd;wd. (mtw;wpd; kPJ VWtJk;> RikNaw;WtJk; $lhJ) vd;Wk;> (NtW) rpy ML> khL> xl;lfq;fis(f; Fwpg;gpl;L mtw;iw mWf;Fk;nghOJ) mtw;wpd; kPJ my;yh`;tpd; jpUehkj;ijf; $wf;$lhJ vd;Wk; (my;yh`; fl;lis ,l;bUg;gjhf) my;yh`;tpd; kPJ ngha;ahff; fw;gid nra;(J $W)fpd;wdu;. mtu;fSila ,g;ngha;f; $w;Wf;Fj; jf;f $ypia (my;yh`;) gpd;du; mtu;fSf;Ff; nfhLg;ghd;. (my;Fu;Md; 6 : 138)

6) g`Puh> ]hk;gh> t]Pyh> `hk; vd;w ngau;fspy; jq;fspd; fhy;eilfis rpiyfSf;fhf Neu;r;ir nra;J tpl;ldu;.

,tw;iwg; gw;wp ]aPJ ,g;Dy; K]a;ag; mtu;fs; $Wfpwhu;fs;:

g`Puh: ,it rpiyfSf;fhf Neu;r;ir nra;ag;gl;l gpuhzpfs;. mjd; ghiy fwf;f khl;lhu;fs;.

]hk;gh: ,it rpiyfSf;fhf Neu;r;ir nra;ag;gl;l gpuhzpfs;. mjd; Nky; Rikfis Vw;w khl;lhu;fs;.

t]Pyh: njhlu;e;J ,uz;L ngz; Fl;bfs; <d;w xl;lfq;fisj; jq;fspd; rpiyfSf;fhf Neu;e;J tpLthu;fs;. ,e;j xl;lfq;fs; t]Pyh vdg;gLk;.

`hk;: gj;J ngz; xl;liffSld; cwTnfhz;l Mz; xl;lifia rpiyfSf;fhf Neu;e;J tpLthu;fs;. mjpy; vt;tpj RikiaAk; Vw;wkhl;lhu;fs;. ,j;jifa Mz; xl;lfj;jpw;F `hk; vdg;gLk;. (]`P`{y; Gfhhp)

Nkw;$wg;gl;l $w;Wf;F rw;W khw;wkhf ,g;D ,];`hf; (u`;) $Wfpwhu;: njhlu;e;J gj;J ngz; Fl;bfis <d;w xl;lfj;ij rpiyfSf;fhf tpl;L tpLthu;fs;. mjd; kPJ vt;tpjr; RikiaAk; Vw;wkhl;lhu;fs;. vtUk; mij thfdkhf;fp gazpf;fTk; khl;lhu;fs;. mjd; Kbfis ntl;l khl;lhu;fs;. mjd; ghiy tpUe;jpdUf;F kl;LNk mspg;ghu;fs;. ,j;jifa xl;lfj;jpw;F ‘]hk;gh' vd;W $wg;gLk;. mjd; gpwF ,e;j ]hk;gh xl;lfk; xU ngz; Fl;bia <d;why; me;jf; Fl;bapd; fhJfis ntl;btpl;L mij mjd; jhAld; tpl;LtpLthu;fs;. mjd; kPJk; vtUk; gazpf;f khl;lhu;fs;. mjd; ghiy tpUe;jpdiuj; jtpu NtW vtUk; mUe;jkhl;lhu;fs;. ,e;jf; Fl;bf;F ‘g`Puh' vdg;gLk;.

t]Pyh: njhlu;r;rpahf Ie;J gpurtq;fspy; ,uz;buz;lhf gj;J ngz; Fl;bfis <d;w Ml;Lf;Fr; nrhy;yg;gLk;. mjd; gpwF me;j ML <Dk; Fl;b capUs;sjhfg; gpwe;jhy; mjid Mz;fs; kl;Lk; Grpg;ghu;fs;. ,we;j epiyapy; gpwe;jhy; Mz;> ngz; ,UtUk; Grpg;ghu;fs;.

`hk;: ,J Xu; Mz; xl;lifapd; ngauhFk;. mjd; cwtpd; %yk; ,ilapy; Mz; Fl;bfspd;wp njhlu;gbahf gj;J ngz; Fl;bfs; <d;wpUe;jhy; me;j Mz; xl;lifapd; kPJ vtUk; rthhp nra;a khl;lhu;fs;. mjd; Kbfis ntl;l khl;lhu;fs;. mij xl;lf ke;ijapDs; ngz; xl;liffSld; ,iztjw;fhf mij Rje;jpukhf tpl;LtpLthu;fs;. ,ijj; jtpu NtW vjw;fhfTk; mjid gad;gLj;jkhl;lhu;fs;.

,Jgw;wp my;yh`; gpd;tUk; trdj;ij ,wf;fpdhd;:

g`Puh. ]hk;gh> t]Pyh> `hk; (Nghd;w) ,itnay;yhk; my;yh`; Vw;gLj;jpait my;y. vdpDk;> epuhfhpg;gtu;fs;jhd; (,itfs; my;yh`; Vw;gLj;jpait vd) my;yh`;tpd; kPJ ngha;ahd fw;gid nra;(J $W)fpd;wdu;. mtu;fspy; gyu; (cz;ikia) tpsq;fhjtu;fshfNt ,Uf;fpd;wdu;. (my;Fu;Md; 5 : 103)

md;wp> mtu;fs; (NtW rpytw;iwf; Fwpg;gpl;L) ‘‘,e;j ML> khL> xl;lfq;fspd; tapw;wpypUg;git vq;fSila Mz;fSf;F (kl;Lk;) nrhe;jkhdit. vq;fSila ngz;fSf;F mit jLf;fg;gl;L ,Uf;fpd;wd. mit nrj;Jg; gpwe;jhy; mtw;wpy; mtu;fSf;Fk; gq;Fz;L'' (mg;NghJ ngz;fSk; Grpf;fyhk;.) vd;Wk; $Wfpd;wdu;. MfNt> mtu;fSila ,f;$w;wpw;Fhpa jz;lidia (my;yh`;) mtu;fSf;Ff; nfhLj;Nj jPUthd;. epr;rakhf mtd; kpf;f QhdKilatdhfTk;> (midtiuAk;) ed;fwpe;jtdhfTk; ,Uf;fpd;whd;. (my;Fu;Md; 6 : 139)

,itay;yhj NtW gy tpsf;fq;fSk; ,f;fhy;eilfisg; gw;wp tpthpf;fg;gLfpwJ. (,g;D `p\hk;)

,e;jf; fhy;eilfs; midj;Jk; mtu;fspd; nja;tq;fSf;FhpaJ vd;w ]aPJ ,g;Dy; K]a;ag; mtu;fspd; fUj;ij Kd;du; ghu;j;Njhk;.

egp (]y;) mtu;fs; $wpdhu;fs;: ‘‘ehd; mk;U ,g;D Mkpu; ,g;D Y`a; my; F[hapiag; ghu;j;Njd;. mtd; jdJ Fliy euf neUg;gpy; ,Oj;Jf; nfhz;bUf;fpd;whd;.'' (]`P`{y; Gfhhp)

Vnddpy;> egp ,g;wh`Pk; (miy) mtu;fSila Neuhd khu;f;fj;ij rPu;Fiyj;j Kjy; topNfld; mtNd. mtd;jhd; rpiyfis epWtpdhd;. ]hapgh> g`Puh> t]Pyh> `hk; Mfpa ngau;fspy; rpiyfSf;Ff; fhy;eilfis Neu;r;ir nra;Ak; gof;fq;fis cUthf;fpdhd;. (/gj;`{y; ghhp)

mugpau;fs; nra;j ,t;thwhd nray;fs; midj;Jf;Fk; fhuzk; vd;dntdpy;> mr;rpiyfs; jq;fis my;yh`;tpd; gf;fk; neUf;fpitf;Fk;; mtdplj;jpy; jq;fis Nru;j;J itf;Fk;; jq;fSf;fhf my;yh`;tplj;jpy; rpghhpR nra;Ak; vd ek;gpf;if nfhz;bUe;jJjhd;.

,ijg;gw;wpNa my;yh`; Fu;Mdpy; $Wfpwhd;:

vtu;fs; my;yh`; my;yhjtw;iw jq;fSf;Fg; ghJfhtyhf vLj;Jf; nfhz;bUf;fpwhu;fNsh mtu;fs;> ‘‘mj;nja;tq;fs; vq;fis my;yh`;Tf;F kpf;f rkPgkhf;fp itf;Fk; vd;gjw;fhfNtad;wp ehk; ,tw;iw tzq;ftpy;iy'' (vd;W $Wfpd;wdu;). (my;Fu;Md; 39 : 3)

(,izitg;gtu;fs;) jq;fSf;F ahnjhU ed;ikAk; jPikAk; nra;a Kbahj my;yh`; my;yhjtw;iw tzq;FtJld; ‘‘,it my;yh`; tplj;jpy; vq;fSf;F rpghhpR nra;git'' vd;Wk; $Wfpd;wdu;. (my;Fu;Md; 10 : 18)

%lek;gpf;iffs;

mugpau; mk;Gfs; %yk; Fwpghu;g;gtu;fshf ,Ue;jdu;. me;j mk;Gfs; %d;W tifahf ,Uf;Fk;.

Kjy; tif: ,jpy; %d;W mk;Gfs; itf;fg;gl;bUf;Fk;. xd;wpy; ‘Mk;!' vdTk; kw;nwhd;wpy; ‘Ntz;lhk;' vdTk; vOjg;gl;L> %d;whtjpy; vJTk; vOjg;glhky; ,Uf;Fk;. jpUkzk;> gazk; Nghd;w Kf;fpakhdtw;wpy; KbntLg;gjw;fhf mtw;wpy; xd;iw vLg;ghu;fs;. mtw;wpy; ‘Mk;!' vd;W vOjg;gl;l mk;G te;jhy; mr;nraiyr; nra;thu;fs;. ‘Ntz;lhk;' vd;W vOjg;gl;l mk;G te;jhy; mr;nraiy mt;tUlk; js;spg;Nghl;L mLj;j tUlk; nra;thu;fs;. vJTk; vOjg;glhj mk;G te;jhy; Ke;jpa ,uz;by; xd;W tUk;tiu jpUk;gj; jpUk;g vLj;Jf; nfhz;bUg;ghu;fs;.

,uz;lhtJ tif: ,e;j mk;Gfspy; Fw;wg; ghpfhuk; e\;l<L Nghd;w tpguq;fs; vOjg;gl;bUf;Fk;.

%d;whtJ tif: ,e;j mk;Gfspy; ‘kpd;Fk;' (cq;fspy; cs;stu;) vd;W vOjg;gl;l Xu; mk;Gk; ‘kpd;ifFk;' (cq;fspy; cs;stu; my;yu;) vd;W vOjg;gl;l Xu; mk;Gk;> ‘Ky;]f;' (,izf;fg;gl;ltu;) vd;W vOjg;gl;l Xu; mk;Gk; vd %d;W mk;Gfs; ,Uf;Fk;. mtu;fspy; vtUf;NfDk; xUtuJ tkprk; gw;wp re;Njfk; vOe;jhy; mtiu 100 jpu;`k; 100 xl;liffSld; ‘`{Gy;' vd;w rpiyaplk; mioj;J tUthu;fs;. jhq;fs; nfhz;L te;j ehzaq;fisAk; xl;lfq;fisAk; mk;GfSf;Fg; nghWg;ghd g+rhhpaplk; nfhLj;J Fwp Nfl;ghu;fs;. g+rhhp mk;ig vLg;ghu;. mg;NghJ ‘kpd;Fk;' vd vOjg;gl;l mk;G te;jhy;> mtiuj; jq;fsJ ,dj;ijr; Nru;e;jtuhf xg;Gf; nfhs;thu;fs;. ‘kpd; iqFk;' vd;w mk;G te;jhy; mtiuj; jq;fSld; el;Gnfhz;l Nfhj;jpuj;ijr; Nru;e;jtuhff; fUJthu;fs;. ‘Ky;]f;' vd vOjg;gl;l mk;G te;jhy; mtu; mNj epiyapy; ePbg;ghu;. mjhtJ mtUf;F ve;j tkprg; guk;giuAk; fpilahJ. ve;j el;G Nfhj;jpuj;ij Nru;e;jtuhfTk; mtiuf; fUj khl;lhu;fs;. (,g;D `p\hk;)

,JNghd;Nw mk;Gfs; %yk; #jhLk; xU gof;fKk; mtu;fsJ tof;fj;jpy; ,Ue;jJ. mjhtJ> mtu;fs; Xu; xl;lifia fldhf thq;fp tUthu;fs;. gpwF mij mWj;J 28 my;yJ 10 gq;Ffshfg; gphpg;ghu;fs;. mtu;fsplk; ,uz;L mk;Gfs; ,Uf;Fk;. xd;wpy; ‘uhgp`;' vd;Wk; ,uz;lhtjpy; ‘F/g;y;' vd;Wk; mugpapy; vOjg;gl;bUf;Fk;. xt;nthUthpd; ngaiuAk; $wp mk;Gfis cUTk;NghJ ‘uhgp`;' vd;w mk;G te;jhy; mtu; gzk; nfhLf;fhky; ,iwr;rpapy; mtUf;Fhpa gq;if kl;Lk; vLj;Jf; nfhs;thu;. ‘F/g;y;' vd;w mk;G te;jhy; mtu; Njhy;tpaile;jtu; Mthu;. mtUf;F ,iwr;rpapy; gq;F vJTk; fpilf;fhJ. Mdhy;> me;j KO xl;liff;fhd tpiyiaAk; mtNu nfhLf;f Ntz;Lk;.

NkYk; Nrhjpld;> Fwpfhud;> el;rj;jpu uhrpgyd; $Wgtd;> fhzhky; Nghdij fz;Lgpbj;Jj; jUgtd; MfpNahhpd; Ngr;RfspYk; MUlq;fspYk; mk;kf;fs; kpFe;j ek;gpf;if nfhz;bUe;jdu;.

fhd;: cyfpy; elf;f ,Uf;Fk; nra;jpfs; kw;Wk; ,ufrpaq;fs; jdf;Fj; njhpAk; vd;W thjpLgtd;. mtu;fspy; jq;fSf;F [pd; nra;jp nfhz;L tUfpwJ vd;W $WgtUk; jdJ mwpthw;wypd; %yk; kiwthdtw;iw mwpNthk; vd;W $WgtUk; cs;sdu;.

mu;uh/g;: jd;dplk; tUgtu;fspd; nrhy;> nray; epiyfis Muha;e;J nra;jpfisf; $Wgtd;. vLj;Jf;fhl;lhf jpULNghd nghUs;fs; vq;fpUf;fpwJ? jpUbatd; ahu;? fhzhky; Nghd nghUs; vq;fpUf;fpwJ? Nghd;w tpguq;fs; midj;ijAk; jd;dhy; mwpe;J nfhs;sKbAk; vd;W $Wgtidg; Nghy!

Ke[;[pk;: el;rj;jpuk; kw;Wk; Nfhs;fspd; Row;rpiaf; ftdpj;J cyfpd; epiyikfisAk; tUq;fhyj;jpy; elf;ftpUf;Fk; epfo;TfisAk; jd;dhy; mwpaKbAk; vdf; $Wgtd;.

,e;j Ke[;[pk;fspd; $w;iw mtu;fs; ek;GtJ cz;ikapy; el;rj;jpuj;ij ek;GtjhFk;. mtu;fs; el;rj;jpuq;fspd; kPJ ek;gpf;if nfhz;bUe;jjpd; fhuzkhf> kio nghope;jhy; mk;kio gUt el;rj;jpuj;jpd; fhuzkhfNt nghope;jJ vd;W $Wgtu;fshf ,Ue;jdu;. (]`P`{y; Gfhhp> ]`P`; K];ypk;)

mtu;fspilNa Jw;Fwp kw;Wk; rFdk; ghu;f;Fk; tof;fk; eilKiwapy; ,Ue;jJ. mtu;fSila tof;fj;jpy; xd;W> VjhtnjhU fhhpaj;ij nra;a epidj;jhy; xU gwitia my;yJ khid tpul;Lthu;fs;. mJ tyg;Gwkhfr; nrd;why; mij ew;rFdkhff; fUjp jhd; tpUk;gpapUe;j fhhpaj;ij nray;gLj;Jthu;fs;. ,lg;Gwkhfr; nrd;why; mij mgrFzkhff; fUjp nray;gLj;j khl;lhu;fs;. ,t;thNw mtu;fs; nrd;W nfhz;bUf;Fk; ghijapy; VNjDk; gpuhzpfNsh> gwitfNsh FWf;fpl;lhy; mjpYk; rFdk; ghu;g;ghu;fs;.

mt;thNw mtu;fs; Kaypd; nfz;ilf;fhy; gFjpia jq;fsJ ,y;yq;fspy; njhq;f tpLthu;fs;. (ek; ehl;by; ehpg;gy;> Gypg;gy; kapy; ,wF Nghd;wtw;iw gad;gLj;JtJNghy) rpy ehs;fs;> khjq;fs;> gpuhzpfs;> tPLfs;> ngz;fs; Mfpatw;wpYk; mgrFdk; ghu;j;jdu;. NkYk;> njhw;W Neha; ,Ug;gjhfTk; ek;gpdu;. NkYk; ‘`hk;kh' vd;gJk; mtu;fsJ ek;gpf;ifahf ,Ue;jJ. mjhtJ> ‘‘xUtd; nfhiy nra;ag;gl;lhy; nfhiyahspaplk; gop jPu;f;fg;glhjtiu mtdJ Md;kh rhe;jpailahky; tPLfspd; Nky; Me;ij cUtpy; gwe;Jnfhz;L ‘‘jhfk;! jhfk;! vd; jhfj;ijj; jzpAq;fs;! vd; jhfj;ijj; jzpAq;fs;'' vd $r;rypl;Lf; nfhz;bUf;Fk;. nfhiyahspia gopthq;fpdhy; kl;LNk Md;kh rhe;jpailAk;'' vdTk; ek;gpf;if nfhz;bUe;jdu;. (]`P`{y; Gfhhp)

mwpahikf;fhy mugpau;fsplk; ,t;thwhd %l ek;gpf;iffs; epiwe;jpUe;jNghjpYk; ,g;wh`Pk; (miy) mtu;fSila khu;f;fj;jpd; rpy newpKiwfSk; mtu;fspilNa vQ;rpapUe;jd. me;j khu;f;fj;ij mtu;fs; Kw;wpYkhf Gwf;fzpj;J tpltpy;iy. vLj;Jf;fhl;lhf> ,iwapy;ykhd fmghit fz;zpag;gLj;Jjy;> mjid tyk; tUtJ> `[;> ck;uh nra;tJ> mu/gh K[;jyp/ghtpy; jq;FtJ> my;yh`;Tf;fhf mWj;Jg; gypapLjy; Nghd;w ew;nray;fs; mtu;fsplk; epiyngw;wpUe;jd. vdpDk;> me;j ew;nray;fspy; gy %l ek;gpf;iffisAk; GFj;jpapUe;jdu;.

me;j %lek;gpf;iffspy; rpy>

1) Fiw\pfs; ,t;thW $wp te;jdu;: ehq;fs; egp ,g;wh`Pk; (miy) mtu;fspd; re;jjpfs;; Gdpj kf;fhtpd; g+u;tFbfs;; rq;ifkpF fmghtpd